Small Methods
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2024
·
IF 10.7
Lirong He,Xingang Liu,Cheng Han,Dehui Wang,Qi Wang,Xu Deng,Chuhong Zhang
For polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based piezoelectric composites, epitaxial growth of ZnO nanorods (ZnO-nr) piezoceramic layer on PVDF is an effective way to improve their piezoelectric performance. However, the crystal nucleus of ZnO featuring polar surfaces that cannot be directly attached to hydrophobic PVDF with low surface energy. Herein, direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing is employed for the first time to create β-PVDF reservoirs with significantly enhanced surface energy, facilitating the attachment and epitaxial growth of ZnO-nr. The printed β -PVDF reservoirs designed with programmed macro-pores and abundant inner micropores, enable a higher loading of ZnO-nr by more than one magnitude, thereby boosting the electro-mechanical response. The resulting PVDF/ZnO core–shell piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) delivers an output voltage of 33.2 V, as well as an unprecedentedly high relative output voltage of 2.76 V/wt.%, which is 2.63 times that of the state-of-the-art 3D-printed PVDF/piezoceramics PEHs. Furthermore, it can differentiate subtle human motions whereas hybrid PEHs cannot distinct. This work demonstrates that the DIW 3D printing approach offers a simple and convenient design idea for creating high performance PEHs.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2017
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IF 2.589
Zhanjian Liu,Huaiyuan Wang,Xiguang Zhang,Chongjiang Lv,Zhiqiang Zhao,Chijia Wang
A durable and self-healing superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyester-modified silicone resin (PMSR)/microspheric Na 2 CO 3 @SiO 2 coating with WCA of 158 ± 1.5° and low SA of 4 ± 0.5° has been successfully prepared via sol-gel and spraying technique. After 24 h hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), microspheric Na 2 CO 3 @SiO 2 particles with extremely large storage spaces were obtained as reservoirs for the healing agent of POTS. The superhydrophobicity of the prepared coating can be recovered after 10 rubbing/healing test cycles, indicating the excellent self-healing ability. Simultaneously, the prepared coating also possesses gas compensation capability in acidic condition, which can extend superhydrophobic duration by 400%. The gas compensation capability can be mainly attributed to the bubbles generated from the reaction between acid and porous Na 2 CO 3 , hindering water wetting the surface. Moreover, the prepared coating can withstand 4217 friction cycles without obvious surface damage, which is approximately 6 times higher than that of pure PVDF coating. This is mainly due to the combined action of the high adhesion of PMSR, the self-lubrication of PVDF and the surface hierarchical nano/micro wrinkles. The prepared coating also shows prominent superhydrophobic stability under the conditions of acid/alkaline solution (pH = 1–14) or strong UV exposure (14 days). It is believed that this durable and self-healing superhydrophobic coating is anticipated to open a new avenue to enlarge the application range of superhydrophobic coatings.
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Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 24
·3540
·
IF 4.7
Siyang Wu,Luyu Zhang,Xiaochun Qiu,Yuntai Guo,Liangliang Dong,Mingzhuo Guo,Jiale Zhao
This study reports the development of highly conductive and stretchable fibrous membranes based on PVDF/PAN conjugate electrospinning with embedded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for wearable sensing applications. The fabrication process integrated conjugate electrospinning of PVDF/PAN, selective dissolution of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to create porous networks, and uniform AgNP incorporation via adsorption-reduction. Systematic optimization revealed that 10 wt.% PVP content and 1.2 mol/L AgNO3concentration yielded membranes with superior electrical conductivity (874.93 S/m) and mechanical strength (2.34 MPa). The membranes demonstrated excellent strain sensing performance with a gauge factor of 12.64 within 0–30% strain and location-specific sensing capabilities: moderate movements at wrist (ΔR/R0: 98.90–287.25%), elbow (124.65–300.24%), and fingers (177.01–483.20%) generated stable signals, while knee articulation exhibited higher sensitivity (459.60–1316.48%) but significant signal fluctuations. These results demonstrate the potential of the developed conductive porous PVDF/PAN composite fibrous membranes for applications in wearable sensors, flexible electronics, and human-machine interfaces, particularly in scenarios requiring moderate-range motion detection with high reliability and stability. The findings suggest promising opportunities for developing next-generation wearable sensing devices through the optimization of conjugate electrospun fibrous membranes.
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Advanced Materials Technologies
·
2024
·Vol. 9
·期 15
·2400149
·
IF 6.4
Chen Zhang,Wenkui Wei,Yujing Li,Xiaofeng Li,Yangchengyi Liu,Xiufeng Wang,Shangda Chen
Body temperature is critical indicator of human health, and its real-time monitoring is crucial for assessing body status and disease diagnosis. In this work, a flexible temperature sensor is presented that employs a graphite/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyaniline composite and demonstrates a negative temperature coefficient (NTC). This sensor exhibits high sensitivity (−0.832%/ °C), rapid response time (11.05 s), and excellent linearity ( R 2 = 0.98). Its integration with a self-adhesion PDMS-PEG substrate layer ensures close skin contact, enhancing the accuracy of temperature measurements. Notably, the sensor's stability and resistance to sweat and deformation ensure continuous, reliable temperature monitoring, even during extensive exercise. This sensor thus represents a significant advancement in flexible and waterproof temperature sensing technologies.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2024
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IF 3.8
Shuaijun Yu,Yazhen Jiang,Geting Xu,Hongyu Liu,Edison Huixiang Ang,Junbin Liao,Jiangnan Shen
In the context of industrial effluent management, the application of electrodialysis (ED) for the recovery of sulfuric acid has attracted significant interest. Despite the technological promise, the employment of traditional anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is frequently marred by substantial proton leakage, a pervasive issue that markedly degrades the effectiveness of acid recovery. To address this challenge, we embarked on a novel approach utilizing a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP) substrate. This innovative method harnessed the inherent properties of fluorine-containing groups within PVDF-HFP to provide robust acid stability, while incorporating tertiary amine groups to minimize water uptake resulted in the creation of a proton-blocking AEM. A distinguishing feature of this AEM is its thermally cross-linked diene structure, which not only preserves acid concentration properties but also considerably reduces water migration. Moreover, our investigation undertakes an exhaustive examination of the recycling concentration and water transport within the acid recovery framework, alongside the intricate interplay with energy expenditure. This investigation could facilitate the adoption of industrial acid recovery methods utilizing AEMs designed for minimal water uptake and enhanced acid-blocking capabilities.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Gui-E Chen,Sheng-Nan Zhao,Yi-Ni Shi,Zhen-Liang Xu,Jing Ye
In the realm of wastewater treatment, the removal of grease and the control of microbial reproduction are crucial links. However, the design of a sustainable membrane with high oil filtration efficiency, high water permeability, excellent separation capacity and strong antibacterial function is still a problem that continues to challenge the researchers. In this work, Tannic acid (TA) and polyethylenediamine (PEI) were used as hydrophilic modifiers to combine with dendritic mesoporous silica (DMSN) to prepare a new type of nanocomposite particles (TA-PEI@DMSN). Using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a coupling agent, TA-PEI@DMSN nanoparticles were coated on the surface of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, and a modified membrane (TA-PEI@DMSN/PVDF) was developed, which was both super-hydrophilic and super-oleophobic underwater conditions. The TA-PEI@DMSN/PVDF membrane can effectively intercept oily substances such as cyclohexane, n-heptane, petroleum ether and n-hexane, achieving an oil rejection rate up to 99.1% for heptane. The modified membrane exhibits superhydrophilicity (CA≈0°) and underwater oil resistance, excellent anti-fouling performance and robust stability. Otherwise, we noticed that the positive charge characteristic of the TA-PEI surface imparts the TA-PEI@DMSN/PVDF membrane with more 99.97% antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The molecular simulation results show that the wettability and hydrophilicity are significantly improved compared with the unmodified PVDF membrane, which is consistent with the experiment data. The modified membrane performs well and shows great potential for oil-water separation.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Zhong Tian,He Guoxu,Wan Menghui,Xu Chenglong,Wang Zhiqiang,Wang Zhihua,Zhao Yanbao,Sun Lei
Inspired by the multi-scale wrinkled patterns observed on tree bark surfaces, a novel approach was developed to enhance oil–water selectivity in emulsion separation by constructing nanoscale rough structures on membrane surfaces, endowing them with superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties. Specifically, PVDF electrospun nanofibrous membranes were coated with a composite layer composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and TiO 2 nanoparticles through a simple one-step dip-coating method, resulting in the formation of PVDF@PDMS/TiO 2 membranes featuring heterogeneous interfaces. Through heat treatment at 120 °C, a durable three-dimensional textured surface was fabricated, exhibiting a water contact angle of 170.2°, which confirms its remarkable superhydrophobic properties. The membrane demonstrated outstanding performance in oil–water separation, achieving a separation efficiency greater than 99%, a high flux of 1100 L m⁻ 2 h⁻ 1 , and effective removal of organic dyes through the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . Antibacterial testing demonstrated over 99% inhibition effectiveness against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Moreover, the membrane retained a contact angle above 160° when exposure to strong acidic or alkaline conditions, indicating excellent chemical stability. These characteristics suggest that the developed multifunctional nanofibrous membrane with a hierarchical wrinkled structure exhibits significant potential for the efficient treatment of complex industrial oily wastewater systems. Graphical abstract
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Nanoscale
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Li Zeng,Yuan Li,Qichao Li,Yiping Guo
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has attracted extensive attention for flexible piezoelectric strain sensors due to its piezoelectric activity and mechanical robustness. However, practical application in small-strain monitoring occasions remains restricted by limitations such as low intrinsic piezoelectricity. Inspired by the mechanical structure of Venus flytrap's trigger hairs, this study synergistically combines modulus differentiation mechanisms with a coaxial architecture to develop core–shell nanofibers. The fiber structure comprises a rigid Polyamide 66 (PA66) core, a flexible PVDF sensing layer as the outer shell, and polydopamine-modified BaTiO3 nanoparticles (PBTO) distributed within the outer sheath. These bioinspired fibers feature a radial stiffness-flexibility combination to achieve directional stress transmission. The modified nanofiber membrane achieves an 840% enhancement in voltage output compared to pure PVDF, demonstrating bending sensitivity of Gauge Factor (GF) 221.4 and only 0.67% signal attenuation over 12 000 cyclic tests. Leveraging this amplification mechanism, the core–shell nanofibers have been engineered into bending vector sensors capable of discerning wind velocity magnitude and directional parameters. This approach shows potential for optimizing unmanned aerial vehicle flight trajectories to enhance operational efficiency.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Yijiang Liu,Yuliang Chen,Yuliang Wu,Weiwei Huang,Jun Cheng,Xuesong Yi
In recent years, composite nanofiltration membranes have emerged as a popular desalination technology because of their unique structures. However, the “trade-off” effect posed a significant limitation on the advancement of nanofiltration membrane applications. In this study, cyclodextrin-based metal–organic frameworks (CD-MOF/GO) were uniformly embedded into a substrate membrane to modulate the motion of piperazine molecules during the interfacial polymerization process. This method has the potential to reconfigure the spatial structure of the polyamide active layer and bolster the performance of composite nanofiltration membranes. First, the CD-MOF/GO within the pores could slow down the diffusion rate of piperazine to facilitate the formation of an ultrathin active layer, which diminished the resistance to the mass transfer of water molecules to improve the membrane performance. Simultaneously, the unique nanocavity structure of CD-MOF/GO could provide more unobstructed pathways for water molecules to permeate through the membrane. The results demonstrated that the flux of the composite nanofiltration membrane modified with MOF could reach up to 19.44 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 , which is approximately four times higher than that of the unmodified membrane, while maintaining a high Na 2 SO 4 rejection rate of 95.52 %. The CD-MOF/GO-modified nanofiltration membrane effectively overcomes flux limitations, showing potential in mitigating the “trade-off” effect and offering a promising approach for achieving efficient seawater desalination.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Qifeng Fan,Mengzhu Li,Zixun Li,Shusu Shen,Ganwei Zhang,Dapeng Liu
Fully utilizing the unique characteristics of COFs in surface-modified membranes is an ongoing research focus. Current challenges include ensuring the stability of the COFs separation layer on the membrane surface and developing environmentally friendly production methods for COFs surface-modified membranes. In this study, a simple room-temperature synthesis method was employed to prepare an aqueous colloidal solution of TpPa-SO 3 H. Subsequently, TpPa-SO 3 H nanosheets were loaded onto a hydrophobic PVDF membrane using vacuum filtration, resulting in the TpPa-SO 3 H/PVDF membrane. This green and efficient modification method yielded a defect-free TpPa-SO 3 H layer on the membrane surface, exhibiting excellent hydrophilicity (water contact angle of 50.8°). For dye separation, the TpPa-SO 3 H/PVDF membrane (F2) demonstrated high rejection rates (>98 %) for most dye molecules, along with good recyclability and filtration stability. Even after exposure to extreme acidic conditions, the separation performance of the modified membrane remains consistent, showcasing remarkable acid resistance. Furthermore, the prepared modified membranes exhibited effective photocatalytic degradation of various dyes (>90 %) as well as excellent stability and reusability. The modified membrane has shown significant self-cleaning effects in the three cycles of photocatalytic self-cleaning performance testing. This effectively demonstrates its potential in the domain of photocatalytic self-cleaning, exhibiting its capabilities and viability in the respective field.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Shusu Shen,Qifeng Fan,Honglin Li,Lunbo Xu,Ganwei Zhang,Renbi Bai
Developing a stable MOF-modified membrane for efficient treatment of oily wastewater remains a challenge. In this study, NH 2 -MIL-88B(Fe) (NM88B) was deposited on the commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, and grafted with perfluorohexane-1-sulfonic acid potassium salt (PFHx) to achieve quaternization modification. This reaction proceeds in an environmentally friendly manner due to the absence of any catalyst. The introduction of fluorine atoms through grafting PFHx resulted in the modified PVDF membrane (NPF) demonstrating remarkable underwater superoleophobic property with an underwater oil contact angle at ∼180°. In separation of various oil-water emulsions, the NPF membrane afforded a high permeation flux (up to 2043 L·m −2 ·h −1 ) and rejection rate (∼99 %). The oil rejection of NPF membrane was >99 % after 10 filtration cycles of n -hexadecane-water emulsion, and the pure water flux of the recovered membrane was kept at 82.65 % of the original flux, indicating a very good reusability and stability. Filtration of mixed dye/oil-water emulsions showed that the NPF membrane remove 99 % of both oil and dye from the mixture. This work provides a simple and stable modification of PVDF membrane, exhibiting remarkable underwater superoleophobicity and hydrophilicity , thereby harboring substantial prospects in the treatment of oily wastewater.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Pei Yang,Shuang Wang,Huihui Liu,Linghui Meng,Yongping Bai,Jinmei He
The development of multifunctional Metastable intermixed composites (MICs) is a highly coveted objective in this field. Inspired by trees, its excellent ability to grasp soil plays an important role in energy conversion. Here, leaf-like PVDF/Al@CNTs (PDC) colloids with an energy conduction network of CNTs were prepared by strong shearing and precipitation in poor solvent. This trinity system achieved synchronous super-hydrophobicity, high safety, and excellent combustion performance. The synergistic effect of CNTs, micro-clusters of PDC and β-PVDF greatly increased the water contact angle (WAC) of the samples, achieving a WAC of 140° when CNTs were added at 3 wt%. The high conductivity and unique CNTs network enable PDC's security and electromagnetic shielding of PDC. Importantly, the sensitivity of the laser ignition and the ignition delay time were tuned. The reaction process of PDC was characterized by DSC-TG-MS, and the main reaction temperature decreases with the addition of CNTs. Moreover, PDC-1 exhibits the highest ignition pressure, energy release, and combustion rate. The combustion process is characterized by simplified simulations, which verify the important role of the unique network of CNTs in PDC for energy conduction during combustion. This work presents a distinctive approach for multifunctional MICs, demonstrating encouraging potential for various applications in energetic materials.
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