JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2023
·Vol. 106
·期 11
·6390-6397
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IF 3.9
Qiqiang Zhang,Bo Wen,Jia Luo,Yanchun Zhou,Xingyuan San,Yiwang Bao,Longsheng Chu,Qingguo Feng,Salvatore Grasso,Chunfeng Hu
In this work, two new 312 MAX phases of Zr 3 PbC 2 and Hf 3 PbC 2 were successfully synthesized by spark plasma sintering. It is the first discovery of lead-containing 312 MAX phases, which together with M 2 PbC (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) form the lead-containing MAX phase family. Considering the extremely low electrical conductivity of Hf 2 PbC, these two new compounds are of great research value. Based on the Rietveld refinement results, their lattice parameters and atomic positions were well determined, as a = 3.3771(5) Å, c = 20.0070(9) Å for Zr 3 PbC 2 and a = 3.3357(1) Å, c = 19.7659(8) Å for Hf 3 PbC 2 , where M atoms are located at (0, 0, 0) and (1/3, 2/3, 0.1258(6)[Zr]; 0.1255(2)[Hf]), Pb atoms are located at (0, 0, 1/4), and C atoms are located at (1/3, 2/3, 0.0663(2)[Zr]; 0.0641(3)[Hf]), respectively. Additionally, the typical laminar microstructure of Zr 3 PbC 2 and Hf 3 PbC 2 grains was observed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
固体物理学
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DOI
高影响因子
Physica Status Solidi-Rapid Research Letters
·
2019
·Vol. 13
·期 10
·1900176
·
IF 3.729
Qi Zhang,Huizhi Sun,Heyi Zhang,Mao Jiang,Xiaodong Wu,Zhiyuan Zhang,Tongyin Yang,Ruidong Xia,Juan Cabanillas-Gonzalez
Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged rapidly as the most attractive materials for photovoltaics in the last 10 years. Intense research has been done on crystal growth and morphology control to improve their power conversion efficiencies. Furthermore, perovskites also show great potential for optical amplification and lasing. Despite the numerous reports on how processing conditions affect the perovskite light-harvesting properties, effects on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) or lasing performance have attracted considerably less attention. Herein, a detailed study on the ASE performance of methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI 3 ) films, processed with lead acetate (Pb(Ac) 2 ) as lead source following a one-step spin-coating method and exposed to different post-deposition conditions, is presented. It is found that the use of Pb(Ac) 2 instead of lead iodide (PbI 2 ) accelerates the crystal growth and simplifies the fabrication procedure. Even very thin MAPbI 3 films (≈70 nm) can sufficiently support optical amplification and lasing in surface-emitting distributed-feedback (DFB) cavities. The facile and highly controllable MAPbI 3 film formation observed with Pb(Ac) 2 as precursor makes it a preferred choice with respect to PbI 2 for future perovskite laser diodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学工程
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光电子学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2025
·
IF 3.3
Xiaoyue Wang,Rajapriya Andavar,Jiahong Xie,Wenli Liu,Yanzhi Sun,Yongmei Chen,Yang Tang,Pingyu Wan,Junqing Pan
Advanced, efficient, and eco-friendly technologies are essential for the safe recycling of spent lead-acid batteries for minimizing their environmental impact by mitigating toxic wastes and promoting resource sustainability by recovering valuable lead. Herein, we proposed a simple, zero-emission electrochemical strategy to recover metallic lead via the direct electrolysis of lead-acid batteries. MnxOy@RuO2 with a layered structure of stacked nanosheets was prepared via facile hydrothermal and annealing methods. MnxOy@RuO2 exhibited low overpotentials of 175 mV and 248 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 and Pb(MSA)2, respectively, showcasing its excellent OER activity. Notably, the catalyst exhibited excellent stability for over 10 hours. The MnxOy@RuO2 catalyst during constant current electrolysis required an overpotential of only 375.6 mV at 25 mA cm−2 to function, greatly reducing the precipitation of PbO2. MnxOy@RuO2 facilitated high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction using the lead MSA electrolyte, suppressing the PbO2 formation and reducing the anode overpotential, making it an ideal anode material for energy-efficient lead recovery.
研究领域:
电化学
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材料科学
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环境科学
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能源技术
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可持续资源回收
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 45
·68680-68691
·
IF 5.19
Guo Lin-yu,He Xian,Hong Zhi-neng,Xu Ren-Kou
Lead (Pb) is one of the top metal pollutants worldwide, and its distribution between liquid and solid phases of soils is strongly controlled by its adsorption on minerals, organic matter, and their composites. This paper presented the effect of fulvic acid (FA) coexistence on the distribution of Pb(II) at the solid–liquid interface of four minerals, which provided reference for how to use humic substances to remove toxic Pb(II) in soils. The free Pb 2+ of suspensions, measured by Pb ion selective electrode, was used to characterize the complexation of FA with Pb 2+ at various pH. The adsorption isotherms of Pb(II) by montmorillonite, kaolinite, goethite, and gibbsite with and without FA were studied with batch experiments. Results indicated that the free Pb 2+ decreased and complexed Pb(II) increased with the increase of FA concentration in Pb(II)-FA solutions, whether the initial concentration of Pb(II) was 0.1 or 1 mM. Pb 2+ hydrolysis was low and the free Pb 2+ concentration in pure lead solution without FA was generally unchanged with increasing solution pH at pH < 6.0. But free Pb 2+ decreased with the increase of pH in the presence of FA, suggesting that the complexation ability of FA with Pb 2+ increased with the increase of solution pH. The adsorption of Pb(II) by the minerals without FA followed the order: montmorillonite > kaolinite ≈ goethite > gibbsite at pH5.0. The Pb(II) adsorption by montmorillonite and kaolinite significantly enhanced with 1 g/L FA, while significantly inhibited with 3 g/L FA at low initial Pb(II) concentration. However, the effect of FA on Pb(II) adsorption by montmorillonite was greater than that of kaolinite, which was mainly related to the crystal layer structure, adsorption area, and cation exchange capacity of the minerals. The Pb(II) adsorption by goethite and gibbsite was significantly enhanced by the addition of both 1 g/L and 3 g/L FA, and the enhancement was more evident in goethite system. The effect of FA on the distribution of Pb(II) between solid and liquid phases of the minerals was determined by the factors such as the initial concentration ratio of FA to Pb(II), the adsorption capacity of minerals for FA, and the number of soluble complexes of FA with Pb 2+ . Therefore, the distribution of FA between solid and liquid of four minerals affected the distribution of Pb(II) between solid and liquid phases of the minerals greatly. The results can provide an important reference for understanding the distribution of Pb(II) and the dynamics and mobility of active components in polluted soils.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 21
·7471
·
IF 3.748
Pan Chen,Yuxin Zhao,Jun Yao,Jianyu Zhu,Jian Cao
In situ treatment of acidic arsenic-containing wastewater from the non-ferrous metal smelting industry has been a great challenge for cleaner production in smelters. Scorodite and iron arsenate have been proved to be good arsenic-fixing minerals; thus, we used lead slag as an iron source to remove arsenic from wastewater by forming iron arsenate and scorodite. As the main contaminant in wastewater, As(III) was oxidized to As(V) by H2O2, which was further mineralized to low-crystalline iron arsenate by Fe(III) and Fe(II) released by lead slag (in situ generated). The calcium ions released from the dissolved lead slag combined with sulfate to form well-crystallized gypsum, which co-precipitated with iron arsenate and provided attachment sites for iron arsenate. In addition, a silicate colloid was generated from dissolved silicate minerals wrapped around the As-bearing precipitate particles, which reduced the arsenic-leaching toxicity. A 99.95% removal efficiency of arsenic with initial concentration of 6500 mg/L was reached when the solid–liquid ratio was 1:10 and after 12 h of reaction at room temperature. Moreover, the leaching toxicity of As-bearing precipitate was 3.36 mg/L (As) and 2.93 mg/L (Pb), lower than the leaching threshold (5 mg/L). This work can promote the joint treatment of slag and wastewater in smelters, which is conducive to the long-term development of resource utilization and clean production.Keywords:arsenic wastewater;lead slag;iron arsenate;scorodite
研究领域:
环境科学
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冶金工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 26.8
Haobo Yuan,Xiaodong Li,Wenxiao Zhang,Yuyang Hu,Jianhong Xu,Tengyi You,Qiang Weng,Yunjie Mao,Ting Shu,Junfeng Fang
Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) own the highest theoretical efficiency due to their ideal bandgap. However, the efficiency of Sn-Pb PSCs remains 22–23% at present, which is much lower than Pb-based PSCs. One key reason lies in the Sn 2+ oxidation issue. Here, this study demonstrates that apart from well-known chemical environmental oxidation, photo-generated holes and their accumulation are also a critical factor for Sn 2+ oxidation in Sn-Pb PSCs. To address this issue, a non-planar hole transport layer (HTL) of P3CT/Me-4PACz is designed through solution micelle regulation. P3CT/Me-4PACz will form a 3D HTL film with a spike-like structure penetrating Sn-Pb perovskite bulk to accelerate hole extraction, thus inhibiting holes accumulation and Sn 2+ oxidation. Resulted Sn-Pb PSCs exhibit the highest efficiency of over 24% with good operational stability, retaining 82% of initial efficiency after continuous MPP tracking for 1000 h at an elevated temperature of 55 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
·
2021
·
IF 6.475
Lisha Xie,Qiang Zeng,Qingya Li,Shurong Wang,Linhong Li,Zhenyu Li,Fangyang Liu,Xiaojing Hao,Feng Hao
Lead is widely used as a crucial elemental for lead acid batteries (LABs) and emerging halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the use of soluble lead will raise environmental concerns. For the purpose of Pb recycling, herein, we report a reactant-recycling strategy to extract Pb from used LABs and synthesize high-purity PbI2. The recycled PbI2 shows smaller grain size, higher crystallinity, and higher thermal stability compared to the commercial sources. Perovskite films deposited with the high-quality PbI2 show larger grain size and fewer defects than the commercial ones. Consequently, the synthesized PbI2 enables a power conversation efficiency of 20.45% for the inverted MAPbI3 (MA= methylammonium) PSCs with excellent air stability. This work offers a novel strategy for lead recovery from LABs and a green path for the realization of high-performance PSCs with high defect tolerance.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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能源技术
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纳米技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Central South University
·
2024
·Vol. 31
·期 4
·1292-1305
·
IF 3.7
Hou Jin-feng,Sun Qian,Hao Xiu-zhen
Heavy metal composite pollution is becoming increasingly serious. In this study, CaAl-layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH) was prepared using the facile co-precipitating method, and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Lead(II), Cd(II), and As(V) were selected as the representative heavy metals to evaluate the adsorption capability of the synthesized CaAl-LDH by the batch experiments. The maximal adsorption capability of CaAl-LDH for Pb(II), Cd(II), and As(V) was 786.6, 437.2 and 72.9 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption mechanism of Pb, Cd and As may be surface precipitation, isomorphic substitution and ion exchange within the interlayer spaces of LDH, respectively. In conclusion, this experiment provides a LDH material with fast and efficient adsorption performance for both anionic and cationic metals, indicating its potential for practical application in the remediation of heavy metal composite pollution.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Minerals
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·410
·
IF 2.644
Yangjia Hu,Zhiqiang Zhao,Liang Lu,Huanyu Zhu,Wei Xiong,Yangge Zhu,Sigang Luo,Xingrong Zhang,Bingqiao Yang
In this study, a novel organic depressant maleyl 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (MATT) was synthesized and utilized as a galena depressant in the flotation separation of molybdenite and galena. The results of the flotation test indicated that MATT exhibited an excellent depression ability on galena but barely influenced the flotation of molybdenite in the pH range of 6.0–11.0. Zeta potential results suggested that MATT preferentially adsorbed on galena surface. UV-visible spectroscopy analysis indicated that the stoichiometric ratio of lead ion and reagent in the complex compound. XPS analysis demonstrated that the S (-SH) atom and N (1,3,4-thiadiazole group) atom of MATT coordinated with the Pb atom on galena surface.Keywords:flotation;galena;molybdenite;depressant;MATT
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Yan Zhou,Wenhui Liu,Dandan Chen,Bangwei Liu,Ping Lu,Yiwei Zhang
A novel Fe/Ca-modified biochar (BC) derived from corn stalk was prepared in this study for the simultaneous adsorption and immobilization of arsenic, cadmium and lead in aqueous solution and soil, respectively. The adsorption experiment in aqueous solution indicated that 1Ca-Fe@BC exhibited excellent removal efficiency (R, %) towards arsenic (46.3%), cadmium (76.3%) and lead (93.6%). The presence of cadmium and lead could enhance the adsorption efficiency of arsenic by facilitating the formation of ternary complexes with it. Moreover, both cooperative and competitive effects occurred between cadmium and lead adsorption. When the distribution coefficient of cadmium and lead was equimolar, cooperative adsorption prevailed. However, when the distribution coefficient deviated from this balance, competitive adsorption dominated with a higher affinity for lead. The soil culture experiment demonstrated that the utilization of 1Ca-Fe@BC could enhance the stability of arsenic, cadmium and lead in soil by enhancing soil cation exchange capacity and pH while reducing dissolved organic carbon. The competitive and cooperative effects of arsenic, cadmium and lead in soil were consistent with those found in aqueous solution. The results showed that 1Ca-Fe@BC exhibited an excellent remediation efficiency for both arsenic, cadmium and lead-contaminated aqueous solution and soil.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
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DOI
高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 6
·692
·
IF 3.52
Yan Du,Xiao Chen,Ji Qi,Pan Wang,Changhai Liang
The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of biomass-derived levulinic acid (LA) is a promising strategy to synthetize fine chemicals under ambient conditions by replacing the thermocatalytic hydrogenation at high temperature and high pressure. Herein, various metallic electrodes were investigated in the ECH of LA in a H-type divided cell. The effects of potential, electrolyte concentration, reactant concentration, and temperature on catalytic performance and Faradaic efficiency were systematically explored. The high conversion of LA (93%) and excellent “apparent” selectivity to valeric acid (VA) (94%) with a Faradaic efficiency of 46% can be achieved over a metallic lead electrode in 0.5 M H2SO4electrolyte containing 0.2 M LA at an applied voltage of −1.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) for 4 h. The combination of adsorbed LA and adsorbed hydrogen (Hads) on the surface of the metallic lead electrode is key to the formation of VA. Interestingly, the reaction performance did not change significantly after eight cycles, while the surface of the metallic lead cathode became rough, which may expose more active sites for the ECH of LA to VA. However, there was some degree of corrosion for the metallic lead cathode in this strong acid environment. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the leaching-resistance of the cathode for the ECH of LA in future research.Keywords:electrocatalytic hydrogenation;levulinic acid;valeric acid;lead
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·1501
·
IF 2.972
Hongdan Zhang,Ludan Zhu,Jun Cheng,Long Chen,Chuanqi Liu,Shuanglong Yuan
In recent years, all-inorganic lead-halide perovskites have received extensive attention due to their many advantages, but their poor stability and high toxicity are two major problems. In this paper, a low toxicity and stable Cs2SnCl6double perovskite crystals were prepared by aqueous phase precipitation method using SnCl2as precursor. By the XRD, ICP-AES, XPS, photoluminescence and absorption spectra, the fluorescence decay curve, the structure and photoluminescence characteristics of Ce3+-doped and undoped samples have been investigated in detail. The results show that the photoluminescence originates from defects. [SnSn4+2++VCl] defect complex in the crystal is formed by Sn2+substituting Sn4+. The number of defects formed by Sn2+in the crystal decreases with Ce3+content increases. Within a certain number of defects, the crystal luminescence is enhanced with the number of [SnSn4+2++VCl] decreased. When Ce3+is incorporated into the crystals, the defects of [Ce3+Sn4++VCl] and [SnSn4+2++VCl] were formed and the crystal show the strongest emission. This provides a route to enhance the photoluminescence of Cs2SnCl6double perovskite crystals.Keywords:lead-free perovskite;Cs2SnCl6;doping;photoluminescence
研究领域:
材料科学
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光电
·
固体物理
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）