Advanced Sustainable Systems
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Qi Ding,Linfeng Xie,Zijie Lin,Zhuhuang Qin,Yunan Li,Qing Li
The low activity of ruthenium dioxide (RuO 2 ) and the rapid dissolution of the ruthenium (Ru) site during acid oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at high current density restricts its application in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. In this work, a series of rare-earth (RE) elements doped RuO 2 nanorods is developed as high-performance OER electrocatalysts. X-ray absorption spectroscopy suggests that RE doping regulates the local coordination environment around Ru sites, lowers the valance of Ru, and shortens the Ru─O─Ru(M) bond length, which enhances structural stability. Among the RE-RuO 2 samples, Sm-RuO 2 exhibits remarkable performance with a low overpotential of 283 mV to reach 100 mA cm −2 and maintained stability for over 140 h at 10 mA cm −2 . Moreover, the PEM electrolyzer using Sm-RuO 2 as the anode can be stably operated at 500 mA cm −2 for 15 h. Electrochemical analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and in situ Raman spectroscopy show that Sm doping lowers the d -band center, reduces the adsorption energy of O intermediates to enhance the OER activity, and restrains excessive oxidation of Ru sites while stabilizing lattice oxygen during the OER process, thereby enhancing OER stability. This work offers valuable insights into improving the stability of metal oxide catalysts in acidic electrolytes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2021
·
IF 7.086
Bo Jiang,Jun Bai,Lin Li,Nan He,Qian Zhang,Bingsen Wang,Dawei Tang
The photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) is a promising energy conversion technology for effective solar energy utilization, wastewater treatment , and electricity generation by photoelectrochemical reactions. Nevertheless, the discharging current output and stability of the PFC are still plagued by the low photoelectron conversion efficiency and time-varying light intensity , respectively. Herein, we integrated a RuO 2 capacitive layer and a TiO 2 photocatalytic layer into a capacitive photoanode, finally designing a PFC with the capacitive photoanode. Not only can the successful integration of the capacitive layer augment the discharging current, but it can also balance the solar intensity fluctuation by the ability of electron storage. The capacitive photoanode showed a high areal capacitance of 1040.7 mFcm −2 at a current density of 0.5 mAcm −2 , was continuously charged and discharged for 1000 cycles, and maintained 87 % of the original capacitance after cycles. The superior rate capability, high capacitance, and good cycle performance of the capacitive photoanode originate from the “crack mud” structure in the capacitive layer. The discharging current of the capacitive photoanode was 32.0 mAcm −2 under one sun illumination, and the electrochemical performance of the capacitive photoanode was better than that of the conventional TiO 2 photoanode. The capacitive photoanode PFC possessed a maximum short-circuit current of 300.0 μA ⋅ cm −2 at the beginning of discharge, which is independent of the light intensity. The capacitive photoanode PFC adopts a new working mode and provides a unique solution for the practical application of PFC.
研究领域:
能源科学
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环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Qinrui Sun,Ning Wang,Guihua Liu,Jingde Li,Xiaohang Du,Shujuan Sun
Dimensionally stable RuO 2 -based anodes have achieved excellent performance in the field of electrochemical treatment of wastewater, however, the high price of Ru hinders its industrial application. Herein, TiO 2 nanotubes-supported RuO 2 with ultralow Ru loading (0.34 wt%) and trace Fe and Mo doping (RuFeMo@TiO 2 ) was prepared as anode for efficient degradation of methylene blue. It shows that Fe and Mo doping reduce the oxidation state of Ru (Ru n+ , n < 4). In addition, the potential electroactive sites of the electrodes are effectively enhanced by Mo doping. While the Fe doping is found to improve the generation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide anion ( O 2 − ), which are the dominant oxidants for the degradation of methylene blue. In result, the RuFeMo@TiO 2 catalyst exhibits high performance towards methylene blue degradation of 97.5 % within 2 hours. It shows that the cooperation of trace transition metals enables efficient degradation of organic dye with ultralow-loaded Ru electrocatalyst, implying a promising application in wastewater treatment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
电化学
·
废水处理
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemCatChem
·
2014
·Vol. 6
·期 8
·2258-2262
·
IF 5.044
Yang Qu,Wei Zhou,Zhiyu Ren,Guofeng Wang,Baojiang Jiang,Honggang Fu
Graphical Splittin' up is hard to do: Pure porous Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 nanorods are synthesized by using the glycolate precursor route followed by calcination. The nanorods display good activity in photocatalytic overall water splitting owing to a suitable band gap and their 1 D porous structure. The pure-phase Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 nanorods, as a new member of the perovskite catalyst family, provide deeper understanding of the design of photocatalysts for overall water splitting. EG=ethylene glycol, TBT=tetra- n -butyl titanate. Metastable-phase porous Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 nanorods as photocatalysts for overall water splitting, coupled with RuO 2 as co-catalysts, were synthesized by using ethylene glycol as a phase-stabilizing and 1 D structure-directing agent. The typical electronic energy band gap of Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 was confirmed to be excellent for overall water splitting photocatalysts by theoretical calculations and experimental results. Steady and stoichiometric H 2 and O 2 evolutions were observed, which increased with time. The yields of H 2 and O 2 were near to 4 and 2 μmol h −1 (0.1 g), respectively. The excellent overall water-splitting activities could be attributed to the pure metastable phase of Zn 2 Ti 3 O 8 possessing a suitable band gap and the porous 1 D structure favoring acceleration of the photogenerated charge transportation and separation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemCatChem
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Sun Liangliang,Gong Qiqi,Chen Zihao,Li Kangyi,Jia Yifei,Deng Xingbiao,Feng Yuyang,Shi Yunmei,Liu Jie,Liu Zezheng,Xue Lirong,Yan Jipeng
This work presents a rapid synthesis method for self-supported catalytic electrodes using laser as the sole heat source. We fabricated Cr-doped RuO 2 supported on titanium plate via laser direct writing as an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) anode for water splitting, and identified the optimal catalytic electrode by systematically investigating chromium doping ratios and laser ablation cycles. The results demonstrate that the catalytic electrode prepared with five repeated laser scanning cycles (300 W mm −2 power density, 100 mm min −1 scanning speed) exhibits superior performance. Among all samples, the 0.7Cr–Ru/Ti-5 electrode with a Cr/Ru atomic ratio of 7:10 shows the highest electrocatalytic activity, achieving a low overpotential of 174 mV@10 mA·cm −2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution. Remarkably, it maintains stable operation for 70 h without noticeable potential degradation, indicating exceptional catalytic durability. This study establishes a novel laser-energy-driven strategy for synthesizing high-performance water electrolysis anodes with tunable characteristics. Graphical A novel (Cr 2 O 3 -RuO 2 -Ru)/Ti oxygen evolution electrode was rapidly fabricated using an innovative fibre laser ablation technique, differing from conventional methods. The catalyst was synthesized by subjecting precursor-coated titanium substrates to multiple laser ablations in an N 2 atmosphere. The high-temperature conditions generated reductive species locally, partially reducing ruthenium compounds to metallic Ru. Kinetic constraints and limited solid-phase diffusion hindered complete reduction of ruthenium species. Meanwhile, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), rich in oxygen functional groups, reacted with residual ruthenium compounds to form RuO 2 . Under laser irradiation, chromium ions reacted with PVP's oxygen functional groups, leading to Cr 2 O 3 formation. Consequently, Cr 2 O 3 /RuO 2 /Ru active units were created on the titanium substrate.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能量转换
·
纳米制造
·
催化
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLID STATE IONICS
·
2021
·
IF 3.785
Songzhao Wang,Jiwen Hu,Xuefeng Gui,Shudong Lin,Yuanyuan Tu
Ni 12 P 5 has excellent electrochemical properties due to the existence of a large number of Ni P bonds with abundant phosphorus vacancies. RuO 2 has good electrical conductivity and catalytic activity , and its OER activity is very significant. In this paper, RuO 2 nanoparticles were loaded onto the surfaces of Ni 12 P 5 particles, forming RuO 2 /Ni 12 P 5 /C composite electrode catalytic materials which were prepared and applied to Li O 2 cells. The electrochemical tests reveal that the specific capacity of the Li O 2 battery with a RuO 2 /Ni 12 P 5 /C electrode reaches 4296 mAh g −1 , the cycle life reaches 56 cycles, and the over-potential is effectively controlled at the current density of 200 mA g −1 . This improvement is attributable to the effective adsorption of phosphorus vacancies in Ni 12 P 5 and the excellent OER catalytic activity of RuO 2 . Therefore, this work significantly enhanced the electrochemical performance of the cell, thus laying the foundation for the development of Li O 2 batteries.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
催化化学
·
纳米材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ChemElectroChem
·
2026
·Vol. 13
·期 12
·e70242
·
IF 5.2
Bichen Yuan,Ronghe Yang,Kiros Haile Hagos,Shitao Min,Mingyuan Yang,Yuxuan Guo,Xiaoxing Liang,Xiaoming Sun,Fengmei Wang
RuO 2 undergoes severe structural degradation during acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under high anodic potentials, including Ru oxidation into high-valence species and lattice oxygen depletion, limiting its practical application. Tungsten, featuring strong oxophilicity and multiple valence states, effectively modulates the electronic structure of Ru sites due to electronegativity difference between W n+ and Ru 4+ , stabilizing both Ru centers and lattice oxygen. Accordingly, a W-doped RuO 2 catalyst (W 0.05 Ru 0.95 O 2 , WRO) is developed to achieve dynamic oxygen species evolution via regulated lattice oxygen diffusion kinetics. The optimized oxygen diffusion coefficient (2.11 × 10 −15 cm 2 s −1 ) ensures a balance between oxygen vacancy replenishment and lattice oxygen retention. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and tetramethylammonium probing reveal that WRO undergoes LOM-dominated dynamic reconstruction at the initial stage, transforming from low-coordination defective sites to a stable six-coordinated Ru-O framework. Consequently, WRO exhibits high activity with overpotential of 200 mV at 10 mA cm −2 in a three-electrode system and promising durability of >400 h at 100 mA cm −2 in a two-electrode system. A PEM electrolyzer with WRO as the anode operates stably for over 130 h at 200 mA cm −2 . This work demonstrates that tuning oxygen diffusion kinetics enables dynamic coordination regulation, offering new insights for designing robust acidic OER catalysts. Graphical Dynamic oxygen species evolution is triggered in tungsten-doped RuO 2 through regulated lattice oxygen diffusion kinetics during acidic oxygen evolution. An optimized oxygen diffusion coefficient balances lattice oxygen participation and vacancy replenishment, driving the transformation from defective low-coordination sites into a stable six-coordinated Ru-O framework with enhanced activity and long-term durability.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 21
·15832-15840
·
IF 9.5
Jieyu Yang,Chenyu Zhang,Ting Zhou,Yuanyuan Chen,Yanqiu Wang,Kuang Sheng,Luqiong Liu,Jie Li,Wenzhang Li,Yang Liu
As the most active catalyst material in acidic environments, the catalytic activity of RuO2 is higher than that of IrO2, but poor stability limits its application. To this end, we propose a simple defect engineering strategy, namely the preparation of RuO2 nanoparticles (D-RuO2) with gradient distribution of oxygen vacancies as efficient acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts. Oxygen vacancies (VO) participate in lattice compression to form an unsaturated coordination environment, which decreases the covalency of Ru–O bonds, effectively optimizes the adsorption of intermediates in the OER process, and stabilizes the structure of the active site. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the presence of VO shifts Ru's d band center closer to the Fermi level, which promotes the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates and accelerates the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) process. D-RuO2 exhibits a lower overpotential (η10 = 197 mV) and a lower Tafel slope (58.67 mV dec−1), with a stability of 60 h measured in 0.5 M H2SO4. This strategy provides a simple method to improve the activity and stability of RuO2 by regulating oxygen vacancies.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Boyan Ai,Guoxiang Wang,Pengchao Liang,Jinxiu Bing,Majie Zhang,Qingwang Min,Xinxin Zhang
The development of highly active and acid-stable Ru-based electrocatalysts is of great significance for water electrolysis but remains a huge challenge due to serious Ru corrosion in an acid medium. Herein, we prepared oxygen vacancy (O V )-rich Nd-doped RuO 2 nanocrystals by facile synthesis via hydrothermal and subsequent annealing for efficient overall water splitting. The catalyst exhibits an overpotential of only 200 mV for OER and 44 mv for HER at the current density of 10 mA cm −2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte. Nd-doped RuO 2 only demands a cell voltage of 1.52 V to drive the overall water splitting reaction and displays excellent stability for 100 h. Density functional theory further revealed that the newly constructed Nd-doped RuO 2 sites activate the difficult to react *O intermediates, reducing the adsorption energy of the OER intermediates to effectively minimize the Gibbs free energy (*O to *OOH) of the reaction rate-determining step and regulate the center of the active site d-band. The synergistic effect of aliovalent doping and vacancy engineering contributes to the excellent electrocatalytic performance of Nd-doped RuO 2 . This performance control strategy can pave the way for the development of effective and economically viable catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2025
·
IF 4.8
Fangfang Wan,Donghao Ye,Yajin Ye,Jia Wang,Yinyu Xiang
The development of bifunctional Ru-based electrocatalysts with high efficiency for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic electrolytes is highly desirable. However, most Ru-based catalysts display inadequate HER activity and unsatisfactory OER stability. Herein, we present a facile synthesis of a heterojunction catalyst by confining RuO 2 nanoclusters on Fe 3 O 4 nano-capsules substrates (named RuO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 ). The RuO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 , with its unique morphology facilitating efficient site accessibility and rapid mass transfer, exhibits excellent HER activity with a low overpotential of 79.5 mV and a large exchange current density of 1.12 mA cm -2 . Remarkably, RuO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 demonstrates exceptional durability, maintaining 100 h at 100 mA cm -2 with only 5.9% activity decay. Additionally, the RuO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 catalyst displays prominent oxygen OER activity and stability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that electron transfer from Fe to Ru optimizes the hydrogen adsorption energy of the Ru site, making it the main active site. This work provides a viable route for developing bifunctional Ru-based catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
催化化学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Xiaojing Dong,Yangyang Wang,Jintao Wang,Yiqiang Sun,Bo Xu,Cuncheng Li,Lifeng Hang
In the field of research on renewable energy conversion and storage methods, the development of catalysts with excellent properties and outstanding stability for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) acting at various pH values has become a much-anticipated research focus. RuO 2 as a benchmark OER catalyst, its wide application has always been limited by slow reaction kinetics and limited persistence. In this paper, Mn-doped RuO 2 material was developed and the optimum doping ratio was identified for using as an OER electrocatalyst under general purpose pH media. Mn 0.1 Ru 0.9 O 2 exhibited a lower overpotential value of 224 mV in acidic environment with a Tafel slope value of 51.62 mV dec −1 . Moreover, in alkaline and neutral environments, overpotentials of 231 mV and 376 mV were required to obtain a current density of 10 mA cm −2 , respectively. In addition, through continuous stability testing over 24 h in alkaline, acidic and neutral solutions, it has been further demonstrated that the Mn-doped RuO 2 material exhibits extremely high stability. The advancements in this research offer crucial insight into the rational development of efficient and durable RuO 2 -based catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Wenqiang Li,Heng Zhang,Manzhou Hong,Lilei Zhang,Xun Feng,Mengfei Shi,Wenxuan Hu,Shichun Mu
Exploring highly active and stable catalysts toward hydrogen evolution reactions and oxygen evolution reactions (HER/OER) is the key for electrochemical water splitting. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculation results forecast that the defect-rich RuO 2 and TiO 2 nano-heterostructures can effectively adjust the electron structure of RuO 2 , and accelerate the water electrocatalysis, consequently reinforcing the intrinsic activity of the catalyst. Experimentally, to form an integrated nano-heterostructure, a facile approach is designed for in situ fabrication of TiO 2 on Ti mesh (TM), simultaneously combined with defective RuO 2 (D-RuO 2 ) nanoparticles. Benefiting from the rich active sites, the D-RuO 2 /TiO 2 /TM nano-heterostructure formed provides current densities of 50 mA/cm 2 at 71 mV for HER and 10 mA/cm 2 at 296 mV for OER in alkaline media. For overall water splitting, the electrolyzer assembled with D-RuO 2 /TiO 2 /TM electrode can reach 10 mA/cm 2 with a voltage of only 1.59 V. Moreover, under a fixed current density, such an electrolyzer also achieves an outstanding stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）