APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2025
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IF 6.9
Yiming Wang,Jin Chen,Jianye Shi,Jing Zhang,Yuzhao Ma,Xiaofeng Yang,Yanjun Li
The integration of microscopic material designs and macroscopic structural layouts offers unlimited potential for developing advanced electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. Herein, a pyrolysis-based strategy is reported for the hybridization of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets to achieve relaxation processes and high-density magnetic coupling at the nanoscale. The stratified structure of Ti 3 C 2 T x /Fe-MOF considerably amplifies the active contact region with electromagnetic radiation, thereby inducing numerous reflection/scattering phenomena. Through pyrolytic transformation, derived nanoparticles including Fe, C, Fe 3 O 4 , and TiO 2 establish continuous metal–carbon and carbon-oxide interfaces below 50 nm. Consequently, the heterogeneous interfaces formed between these components establish a harmonious electromagnetic coupling network, where interfacial polarization from numerous heterojunctions promotes charge accumulation and relaxation processes, converting electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. Remarkably, findings indicate that this composite material demonstrates a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −47.05 dB when the thickness reaches 1.8 mm. Additionally, this investigation broadens the spectrum of design strategies for premium microwave absorption materials through systematic interface engineering and thermally-controlled phase conversion.
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高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
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2024
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IF 9.7
Jialiang Yang,Leilei Cheng,Jing Gu,Shaonan Tian,Jun Yang,Taoli Huhe,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
The pyrolysis products of epoxy resin consist of mixed phenolic compounds, which can be transformed into methylated phenolic compounds, pentamethylbenzene, hexamethylbenzene, and other high-value chemicals through methylation. However, the mechanism of methylation for pyrolysis products of epoxy resin remains unclear. In this study, using thermosetting epoxy resin and waste wind turbine blades as feedstocks, we investigated the methylation performance of different solid acid catalysts (γ-Al 2 O 3 , α-Al 2 O 3 , ZSM-5, MCM-41) through a pyrolysis-methylation cascade reactor. The study unveils the impact of reaction temperature and reaction time on the pyrolysis reaction and the product distribution. The optimal reaction parameters are determined to be 500 °C and a reaction time of 20 min. Under these conditions, the reforming products exhibited the highest selectivity for methylated phenolic compounds and hexamethylbenzene (42.57 wt%). The proposed methyl substitution reaction pathway for isopropenylphenol was supported by a 13 C methanol isotope experiment. On nanoscale γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst, the methylation reaction displays a non-position-selective methylation pattern. Methyl substitution occurs by directly replacing the methylating agent on the isopropyl/isopropenyl group, leading to the breaking of the C arom -C aliph bond. Additionally, Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations reveal that methyl serves as an intermediate in the methylation substitution reaction. The study also conducted a material flow assessment for the recycling of epoxy resin waste through the pyrolysis-methylation pathway.
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高影响因子
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
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2025
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IF 1.6
Ran Shi,Zizhao Guo,Hongyu Zhu,Fangjun Chen,Lin Lang,Chunhuan Luo,Muhammad Shahzad Khurram,Qingang Xiong
The pyrolysis kinetics of herb residues with potassium and iron addition were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a four-logistic distribution activation energy model (4LG-DAEM). The model included hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and a pseudo-component for coke. Kinetic compensation effects and n -order mechanism functions were incorporated to better fit the catalytic pyrolysis process. Compared with conventional models, the 4LG-DAEM captured the TG curve characteristics more accurately, with R 2 values above 0.995. Fitted parameter analysis showed that potassium addition significantly reduced the activation energies of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and biochar reactions, but narrowed the reaction temperature ranges. Iron addition had a smaller effect on activation energies but widened the reaction temperature range. The combination of potassium and iron had a synergistic effect, enhancing the secondary reactions of hemicellulose, cellulose, and coke more effectively than single catalysts. Potassium–iron composite catalysts notably increased the proportion of biochar secondary reactions in the total process. Additionally, the 4LG-DAEM model demonstrated strong predictive ability for the kinetics of potassium–iron catalyzed pyrolysis of various biomasses.
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高影响因子
ENERGY
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2025
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IF 9.4
Qi Zhou,Liu Wu,Jingyue Wang,Jie Liang
Lignin, with its complex structure and high stability, poses a significant challenge in the directed depolymerization to obtain aromatic-rich bio-oil. To prevent the formation of hard-shelled char resulting from the melting and agglomeration of lignin during pyrolysis, this study proposed a dual strategy combining Ca(OH) 2 pretreatment and Beta zeolite, which demonstrated a synergistic effect through β-O-4 bond cleavage, effectively suppressing lignin condensation while achieving high aromatic selectivity. In this study, the influence of various operational parameters was examined. Key variables including pretreatment procedures, concentration levels, catalyst selection, catalyst-to-raw material ratio, carrier gas velocity, and pyrolysis thermal conditions were analyzed to determine their effects on the critical processes. Pretreatment with 5 wt% Ca(OH) 2 significantly reduced lignin agglomeration during pyrolysis. Using Beta zeolite (1:1 mass ratio) in CFP at 500 °C with 75 mL/min carrier gas flow increased bio-oil yield from 5.0 wt% to 7.5 wt% and enhanced aromatic selectivity from 1.9 area% to 84.9 area%. Using 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (α-OH-PPE) as a model compound, we found Ca(OH) 2 pretreatment and Beta zeolite together enhanced β-O-4 bond cleavage in lignin. This synergistic approach facilitated efficient bond cleavage and showed remarkable effectiveness in aromatic production.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2025
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IF 6.2
Yueping Liu,Suning Li,Yongcheng Yang,Yongxiang Liang,Fei Wang,Xuetong Li,Deng Zhao,Yanjun Lu,Hui Liu,Shuai Guo
The aim of this study is to investigate the role of different carbon-based structures on the pyrolysis pathway and gas product distribution of polypropylene (PP). Using in situ DRIFTS coupled with thermogravimetric mass spectrometry, this study investigated the synergistic mechanisms between polypropylene (PP) and common plastics and biomass at the molecular level. The following mechanisms were revealed: 1) Polyethylene erephthalate (PET) induces demethylation of PP through oxygenated fragments, which weakens the stability of its main chain and synergistically reduces the pyrolysis temperature. The high-temperature polyene structure of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) promotes further breakage of the PP main chain, synergistically driving the directional conversion of gas products to unsaturated hydrocarbons and chlorine-containing compounds. The phenyl groups in polystyrene (PS) trigger PP activation at low temperatures, improving the yield of toluene gas. 2) PP inhibits the decomposition of blended components through physical entanglement at low temperatures. At high temperatures, polyenes, phenyl groups and other cleavage products reorganize with PP hydroxyl fragments, promoting the enrichment of olefins, aromatics and chlorinated compounds. 3) In PP-biomass systems, it is hypothesized that the PP pyrolysis pathway is altered, enhancing the selectivity for short-chain hydrocarbons and monocyclic aromatics. This effect is likely mediated through ash-catalyzed reactions and induction by oxygen-containing fragments. This study employs in situ Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to monitor in real time the molecular-level evolution of PP-based mixed waste plastics and biomass pyrolysis, revealing fundamental carbon-chain structure-property relationships. These findings establish a mechanistic framework for the rational design of high-efficiency pyrolysis systems with precisely controlled product distributions through synergistic interactions.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Kai Li,Jia-hao Yu,Bo Wang,Yong-sheng Ma,Qi Niu,Bin Hu,Xin-hua Yuan,Qiang Lu
The selective pyrolysis of cellulose to levoglucosenone (LGO) remains challenging, primarily due to the lack of catalysts with tailored active sites and appropriate modification of cellulose microstructures, both critically determining reaction pathways and product selectivity. To realize the high-selectivity conversion of cellulose to LGO, this study synthesized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with tunable channel structures using ZIF-67 as the precursor, which were subsequently subjected to partial phosphidation to prepare MOF-derived phosphorized porous carbon (CoP/N-C) catalysts for the catalytic pyrolysis of amorphous cellulose (AMC). The effects of catalyst characteristics on the product distribution and LGO yield during AMC pyrolysis were systematically investigated using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and a lab-scale setup, while the catalytic pyrolysis mechanisms under the coupled effects of catalyst properties and reaction conditions were comprehensively elucidated. Results revealed that CoP/N-C significantly enhanced LGO yield from AMC pyrolysis. Particularly, the CoP (100) /N-C catalyst (synthesized with a Co:P ratio of 9:100) demonstrated optimal performance, achieving maximum LGO yields of 24.76 wt% in Py-GC/MS experiments and 18.89 wt% in lab-scale tests under optimized conditions (pyrolysis temperature: 320℃, catalyst:AMC ratio: 4:1). This study systematically revealed the structure-activity relationship between catalyst characteristics and LGO formation mechanisms, providing critical insights for further catalyst optimization and LGO yield enhancement.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Zhongwei Wang,Daokuan Liang,Xiaofeng Li,Heyi Huang,Xiao He,Zhaoying Li,Yong Dong
Lignocellulosic biomass is considered a renewable resource with great potential to replace fossil energy, which has a relatively low effective H/Ceff ratio. As a result, its thermochemical conversion products are of low calorific value and quality. Polypropylene (PP) is rich in hydrogen and contains little oxygen. Catalytic fast co-pyrolysis (co-CFP) of cotton stalks (CS) and PP significantly improved bio-oil quality. It enables the efficient and clean utilization of CS and PP, while enhancing the concentration of BTEX (Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) and other liquid hydrocarbons in bio-oil. In this study, bimetallic catalysts are prepared by alkali-modified HZSM-5 and zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ) loaded with Ni and Mo, respectively. The impact of different ratios on the product is explored, revealing their synergistic effects in the co-CFP process. XRD, XPS, TEM, and other methods characterize the morphology and physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The co-CFP of CS and PP by Py-GC/MS and thermogravimetric experiments is investigated. The experimental conditions were as follows: pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, raw material mixing ratio of 1:1, and feedstock-to-catalyst ratio of 1:1. In the catalytic stage, when the Ni:Mo ratio was set to 2:1, the relative hydrocarbon content in the Ni-Mo/ZrO 2 catalyst reached a maximum value (75.2 %) at Ni:Mo= 2:1. The relative hydrocarbon content initially decreased and then increased with decreased Ni/Mo ratio and reached the minimum at 1:2. The relative hydrocarbon content in the Ni-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst reaches a maximum value (60.9 %) at Ni:Mo= 2:1. Ni-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst has more substantial selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons. The synergistic effect between metals is explored using reaction kinetics based on thermogravimetric experiments. Based on thermogravimetric experiments, the synergistic effects between metals were analyzed using reaction kinetics. Specifically, this involves effectively reducing the activation energy of the reaction, thereby promoting the formation of hydrocarbons. For the NiMo/ZrO 2 catalyst, the activation energy generally decreases with increasing Mo content (from 38.51 to 29.47 kJ/mol). In contrast, when HZSM-5 is used as the support material, the activation energy decreases with increasing Mo loading and decreasing Ni loading (from 12.31 to 8.43 kJ/mol). The right amount of metal loading introduces the catalyst's active site, and the synergy between the metals further improves the bio-oil quality. The activation energy is lowest when Ni:Mo = 2:1. The change trend is consistent with the content of hydrocarbons.
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高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
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2025
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IF 9.1
Miaoling Luo,Shanshan Shao,Yu Cao,Xiaohua Li,Shiliang Wu
TG analysis, kinetic model and fixed-bed experiments were applied in this study to explore the synergistic effect of rape straw (RS) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) in the co-catalytic pyrolysis. The results showed that the preferential pyrolysis of RS was favorable for the formation of some active radicals and decreased the pyrolysis temperature of ABS from about 400 °C to 350 °C. As the mixing ratio of ABS rose, the temperature range of co-pyrolysis decreased gradually. The interaction between the free radicals generated by RS and ABS was effectively promoted with the addition of HZSM-5, and also the aromatization was accelerated. The temperature range of co-pyrolysis was decreased from 350 °C to 400 °C–340 °C–380 °C. The Flynn-Wall Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) were used to build the kinetics model, and revealed that the activation energy of co-pyrolysis system reached the bottom with the mixing ratio was 1:1, indicating the strongest synergistic effect at this point. The synergistic action was revealed from the kinetic analysis. In the fixed-bed test, the yield of liquid phase (54.15 %) and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) (32.87 %) peaked at the mixing ratio of 1:1, at which the synergistic effect inhibited the conversion to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
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高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.3
Kaifeng Wang,Wenshuang Chu,Yujie Chen,Hua Li,Hezhou Liu
The widespread usage of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites imposes serious challenges in disposing of end-of-life and wasted products. Pyrolysis recycling has become an efficient strategy to decompose the resin matrix and extract the fiber, while the bottleneck lies in maintaining the structural integrity and physicochemical properties of the recycled fibers, along with reconstructing corresponding composites with performance efficiency. In this work, a two-step pyrolysis strategy is demonstrated to decompose the resin matrix and remove the carbon residues without damaging the internal structure of the recycled carbon fiber felts (rCFFs), followed by surface modification to facilitate the reconstruction of rCFFs-reinforced phenolic resin composites. The composites achieve remarkable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance in the X band with maximum EMI shielding effectiveness value of 70.5 dB, along with impressive flame-retardant performance under a high heat flux of 50 kW/m 2 . Besides, more than 80 % EMI shielding effectiveness is maintained after 10 pyrolyzing cycles by optimizing the pyrolysis parameters. Catering to maintaining the intrinsic properties of the recycled carbon fibers by proposing comprehensive recycling strategy, the synthesis of rCFFs-based materials is of great significance for promoting the substitution of pristine EMI shielding counterparts and the practical reutilization of carbon fiber resources.
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高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
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2025
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IF 5.3
Qingxiang Zhang,Dengqian Zhang,Zhen Wang,Zheng Liu,Yukun Xi,Wei Zhang,Chen Zhang,Yin Liu
Catalytic transfer hydrodechlorination of plastic pyrolysis oil on supported transition-metal catalysts using isopropanol as a hydrogen donor was investigated in this work. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, hydrogen temperature-programmed desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the reaction products were identified by GC-MS. Among various Al2O3-supported transition-metal (Cu, Co, Ni) catalysts, Cu/Al2O3 exhibited the best catalytic transfer hydrodechlorination performance due to the superior activation ability of Cu/Al2O3 for isopropanol. The doping of Ni in Cu/Al2O3 significantly enhanced its catalytic activity due to the inherent excellent hydrogenation activity of Ni, good metal dispersion, and strong Ni–Cu interaction in Ni–Cu/Al2O3. GC-MS results revealed that chlorobenzene was hydrogenated to benzene and HCl, and isopropanol was dehydrogenated to form acetone, which was subsequently transformed to methyl isobutyl ketone. The reactivities of three representative organochlorine compounds followed the order of chlorobenzene > tetrachloroethane > tetrachloroethylene. Ultradeep dechlorination of real plastic pyrolysis oil was achieved by catalytic transfer hydrodechlorination over the optimal 15Ni-10Cu/Al2O3 catalyst. The chlorine content of real plastic pyrolysis oil was reduced from 61.7 to 0.5 mg/L with a chlorine removal of 99.2% after reaction for 3 h at the reaction temperature of 210 °C.
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高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2025
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IF 6.1
Jiayuan Zhang,Yanxiao Jiang,Junyi Wang,Shuqi Chen,Xingshun Li,Meng Xu,Meng Zhang,Kai Yu,Daqian Song,Jie Jiang
Microplastics (MPs), a pivotal concern in environmental research due to their global ubiquity and potential ecological risks, present formidable obstacles for separation and detection within complex aquatic environment. This study innovatively established Magnetic Adsorption - Electromagnetic Heating - Pyrolysis - Mass Spectrometry (MA-EP-MS) to address the aforementioned issues. Nano-ferric oxide was modified and employed as the magnetic adsorbent in this protocol, which was executed using specialized Eh-Py-MS system. Employing polystyrene (PS) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as MPs models, the methodology enabled comprehensive detection of MPs across varying particle sizes in diverse aqueous matrices, including ultrapure water, tap water, lake water and seawater. The modified magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (M-Fe 3 O 4 NPs) adsorbent demonstrated gorgeous capture efficiency exceeding 80% for both PS and PMMA MPs, while its direct introduction into the pyrolysis system contributed negligible background interference. Systematic evaluation revealed excellent methodological reproducibility, as evidenced by intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations of 2.09% and 3.46%. Notably, the adsorption efficiency maintained highly stable across various aqueous matrices, with minimal interference observed. The established method achieved impressive detection limits, as low as 0.27 μg for PS MPs and 0.22 μg for PMMA MPs. Furthermore, through characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) etc., mechanistic investigations revealed that physical adsorption likely represents the dominant interaction pathway for PS MPs capture. In summary, the established method provides a novel technical approach for detecting MPs in environmental water bodies, demonstrating considerable application potential.
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PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 3.9
Nai-Yu Yao,Jing-Pei Cao,Shi-Jie Cai,Chen-Xu Chen,Xiao-Yan Zhao,Xin-Bo Pang,Min Xu,You Lu,Xiao-Bo Feng,Tungalagtamir Bold
ZSM-5 is an effective catalyst for the catalytic reforming of volatiles from lignite. An increased density of acidic sites significantly enhances catalytic activity. However, its inherent microporous structure and abundant external surface acids lead to issues including catalyst deactivation. In this work, a nondiscriminatory etching method using NH4F was employed to simultaneously remove Si and Al species from highly acidic zeolites. This process introduces mesopores while reducing external surface acidity, maintains high crystallinity, and preserves the total acid content essentially unchanged. The mesoporous surface area of HZ5-6.5 reaches 129 m2/g. This significantly enhances the mass transfer efficiency of volatile component molecules within the zeolite, effectively improving the accessibility of active sites. Furthermore, compared to the parent zeolite, the modified HZ5-6.5 exhibits a 50% reduction in acidic sites on its crystal surface while maintaining essentially unchanged total acidity. Concurrently, light aromatic yields increase, while coke deposition decreases by 40%.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）