JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE
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2026
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IF 3.4
Huang Zewei,Wang Yingjie,Ye Meiying,Cheng Heyong
Real-time, online and accurate detection of ferric/ferrous ions is quite important for environmental protection and healthcare, which is preferred by portable fluorescent sensors (in solid state) compared to previous sensors (dominant in liquid or turbid suspensions) associated with susceptibility to oxidation and precipitation. Considering the scarcity of the solid-state fluorescent sensors, a nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) encapsulated ZIF-8 (NCQD@ZIF-8) photonic crystal (PC) sensor for Fe 3+ and ascorbic acid detection in solid state was constructed by rapid evaporation self-assembly technique. The fluorescence intensity of NCQD was enhanced with slow light effect of ZIF-8 PC. Fe³⁺ was selectively detected based on its ability to quench the fluorescence of QDs@ZIF-8 PC through a combination of the internal filter effect and possible Fe 3+ −QDs complexation. Detection of ascorbic acid (AA) was based on the fact that AA can recover the fluorescence intensity of the NCQD@ZIF-8 PC quenched by Fe 3+ due to AA reduction of Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ . Both Fe 3+ and ascorbic acid can be quickly and selectively detected by the NCQD@ZIF-8 PC sensor in the linear range of 0. 1− 10 mmol L − 1 (R 2 = 0.996) with detection limits of 0.06 mmol·L − 1 and 100 µL sample consumption. Iron speciation analysis (Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ ) in simulated water samples was realized with good precision and accuracy. The NCQD@ZIF-8 PC sensor provided a rapid and portable way for determination of Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ in environmental samples and new possibilities for device fabrication. Graphical
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npj Science of Food
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2026
·
IF 9.7
Chen Meiqing,Lu Songcui,Song Lin,Zhang Jun,Qi Yingjie,Zhao Xiaowei,Zheng Nan,Zhang Yangdong,Wang Jiaqi
The nutritional value of milk fat depends on lipid and fatty acid composition. This study characterized the lipidomics and fatty acid positional distribution of milk from nine mammalian species: cow, buffalo, yak, goat, sheep, camel, mare, donkey, and human. Lipid molecular species were profiled by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Fatty acid positional distribution was determined using NH₂ and Si solid-phase extraction, selective sn-1/3 hydrolysis by Candida antarctica lipase B , and sn-2 monoacylglycerol quantification by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Ruminant milks showed high compositional similarity and differed from camel and monogastric milks. Compared to human milk, animal milks had higher triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and sphingomyelins, but lower free fatty acids and diacylglycerols. Short-chain fatty acids consistently occupied sn-1/3 positions, whereas medium-chain, long-chain, odd-chain, and branched-chain fatty acids favored sn-2 position. Monogastric milks exhibited sn-2 preference for palmitic acid and other saturated fatty acids and sn-1/3 preference for unsaturated fatty acids; ruminant and camel milks showed the reverse. Bray–Curtis analysis identified donkey milk as the closest lipidomic analog to human milk, followed by mare milk. These findings provide a systematic reference for evaluating mammalian milks and data for humanized infant formula lipid design.
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npj Heritage Science
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2026
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IF 0
Chen Qijue,Wang Yumeng,Zhang Mingrui,Kaya Mǎdǎlina Georgiana Albu,Goh Kheng-Lim,Tang Keyong
Leather heritage is vulnerable to deterioration induced by environmental stressors. In this study, a collagen/epicatechin (Col/EC) composite was developed as a protective treatment for artificially aged vegetable-tanned leather. Epicatechin acts as a natural cross-linker via hydrogen bonds, giving the composite an antioxidant capacity of 88.12%. In addition, the Col/EC composite exhibited superior antibacterial performance, with inhibition zones of 17.0 mm and 13.6 mm against E. coli and S. aureus , respectively. Application of the Col/EC composite to artificially aged vegetable-tanned leather resulted in improved mechanical strength and antibacterial performance, with a small increase in surface lightness. Structural analysis revealed a more uniform distribution and denser interconnection of collagen fibers within the treated matrix. This sustainable strategy replenishes degraded collagen. Overall, this work provides a preliminary feasibility study for the reinforcement of degraded leather. This approach shows potential for cultural heritage preservation, but further validation on authentic archaeological materials is needed.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhou Sen,Pang Bo,Yang Ganguang,Wang Zhixin,Wei Siting,Qiu Yuqi,Zheng Qingyang,Yin Zhouping,Wu Changsheng,Bu Tianzhao,Wu Hao
Conformal fabrication of stretchable conductive film on micro-structured surfaces is important for flexible electronics. Existing methods based on material design and structural engineering suffer from limitations in stretchability, conductivity, and geometrical compatibility. Here, we propose a universal strategy for fabricating high-performance stretchable conductive film on complex micro-structured surfaces. By precisely controlling the interparticle liquid bridge force and the critical rupture strength of liquid metal (LM) particle shells, the spontaneous fusion of LM particles is realized to form high-performance stretchable conductive film without requiring extra activation processes. Driven by the Laplace pressure difference, the stretchable conductive film can be conformally deposited on arbitrary 3D microstructures such as high-aspect-ratio vertical interconnect accesses. This capability enables the development of stretchable multilayer electronic systems with high stability even under dynamic strain. Moreover, the thin film allows the exposure of sweat pores and hair when forming seamless coupling with human skin, enabling highly effective electrical stimulation and high-fidelity electrophysiological monitoring with sweat permeability and imperceptibility. This work establishes a universal approach for integrating high-performance stretchable conductors onto complex 3D architectures, bridging material-level innovation with system-level implementation for wearable electronics and bio-integrated systems.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Chen Qin,Liu Riri,Zhang Wenyi,Du Jiale,Yu Zijian,Chen Jinhan,Chen Quan,Ge Mengni,Wang Yue,Seo Dong Han,Xie Ming,Dewil Raf,Ye Wenyuan,Lin Jiuyang,Van der Bruggen Bart
Microplastic-oil co-contaminants have raised high environmental concerns due to their persistence and synergistic toxicity. However, conventional separation membranes, typically designed for single-pollutant removal, are ineffective against such complex systems. Moreover, the strong interfacial interactions between microplastics and oil promote aggregate formation, leading to severe membrane fouling and compromised separation performance. Herein, we present a robust, antifouling, and superhydrophilic membrane fabricated via sodium periodate-assisted co-deposition of caffeic acid and ε-polylysine for simultaneously removing both oil droplets and microplastic particles from contaminated water. The resulting caffeic acid/ε-polylysine composite superhydrophilic membrane achieves an impressive separation efficacy for various oil-in-water emulsions and polystyrene microplastics of different sizes. Notably, it exhibits superior separation performance for challenging microplastic-oil co-contaminants, with rejection of 99.89% for oil and 96.99% for 100-nm polystyrene microplastics over 300-min continuous filtration. It also sustains a high flux recovery, reflecting robust antifouling properties and thus highlighting a great potential for practical application in complex wastewater treatment. Additionally, the membrane shows a remarkable antibacterial activity even after 30 days of immersion. This study demonstrates a scalable and sustainable strategy for fabricating high-performance polyphenol-based antifouling membranes, offering an effective solution to manage these emerging co-contaminants.
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Food Analytical Methods
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2026
·Vol. 19
·期 10
·277
·
IF 3
Kang Ling,Cui Qi-Qi,Chen Jing-Jing,Shi Xiao-Bei,Yan Hui,Ge Li-Lin,Wang Tian-Shu,Zhou Gui-Sheng
Severe threats to food safety and human health are posed by Hg 2 ⁺, thereby necessitating the development of rapid, sensitive, and portable on-site detection methods. In the present study, the aspartic acid-functionalized gold nanoparticles (Asp-AuNPs) were prepared via the one-step green synthesis strategy. The structural characteristics of Asp-AuNPs and their Hg 2 ⁺-sensing properties were systematically characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and zeta potential measurements. The Asp-AuNPs-based colorimetric sensing platform was developed for the detection of Hg 2 ⁺, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.6 nM and a linear detection range from 0.005 to 1.0 µM. Concurrently, a smartphone-assisted color feature analysis platform was constructed, which exhibited two distinct linear segments with high correlation coefficients for the quantitative assay of Hg 2 ⁺. When applied to real samples, including pears, grapes, potatoes, and Chinese medicinal herbs ( Selaginella and Corydalis yanhusuo ), this smartphone-integrated system afforded satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.39 to 109.16%, with relative standard deviations of less than 6.15%. Notably, the analytical results obtained via the smartphone-based platform were found to be in excellent agreement with those derived from the Asp-AuNPs colorimetric method. The principal component analysis (PCA) and t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) were applied for machine learning analysis of colorimetric images. After reducing the high‑dimensional color features with t‑SNE, a k‑nearest neighbors (k‑NN) classifier was used to recognize different Hg 2 ⁺ concentration levels, achieving an accuracy of 91.41% with favorable repeatability. The fabricated Asp-AuNPs-based sensing system exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity and portability, thereby providing a reliable technical strategy for the on-site detection of Hg 2 ⁺ in food and herbal matrices. Graphical
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
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2026
·Vol. 237
·期 17
·1000
·
IF 3.5
Yan Shiying,Zhang Jian,Liu Yimeng,Chen Yiping,Jiang Tianlan,Gao Yu,Zhang Jie,Gao Jingqi,Li Fosheng,Zhao Jian,Feng Su
This study presents a composite biosorbent, Nano-Fe—SA—XB, synthesized by immobilizing a consortium of Shewanella putrefaciens and Serratia sp. B16 (XB) within a sodium alginate (SA) matrix reinforced with Nano-Fe 3 O 4 (Nano-Fe). A preliminary orthogonal formulation screening identified 4% Nano-Fe, 4% SA, 30 g/L XB biomass, and 4 h crosslinking as the selected preparation condition. At pH 7, using a wet dosage of 0.6 g (equivalent to a calculated dry mass of ~ 0.03 g), Nano-Fe—SA—XB achieved an 80.51% removal efficiency at a 20 mg/L initial Cd(II) concentration. Normalized to dry weight, the experimental maximum adsorption capacity was 72.5 mg/g at 150 mg/L, while the Langmuir-estimated capacity reached 87.8 mg/g. Kinetic and isotherm fitting suggested that Cd(II) uptake was consistent with pseudo-second-order kinetics and Sips/Langmuir-type adsorption behavior. SEM–EDS and FTIR analyses suggested that Cd(II) removal was associated with surface complexation and ion-exchange interactions involving hydroxyl, amide/carboxyl, phosphate, and calcium-containing sites. XRD showed no detectable new crystalline Cd-containing precipitates after adsorption. The material also showed NaCl-regeneration potential and 30-day Cd(II) retention/release stability. Overall, Nano-Fe—SA—XB shows potential as a reusable biosorbent for Cd(II)-contaminated water, while further mechanical, thermodynamic, surface-charge, pore-structure, magnetic, and chemical-state characterization is still needed. Graphical
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Natural Products and Bioprospecting
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·76
·
IF 5.8
Li Liang,Zhan Xinyi,Ullah Hidayat,Guo Wenxian,Gui Ping,Peng Weijie,Mei Quanxi,Dai Weibo,Duan Yuting,Yuan Xia,Hu Xianjing
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder characterized by recurrent intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Huanglian-Wendan Decoction (HLWDD) has been clinically used for IBD treatment; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 2.25%)-induced IBD mouse model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of HLWDD. The protective mechanisms were investigated in colon tissues of DSS-induced mice using ELISA, immunoblotting, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses. In addition, the impact of HLWDD on gut microbiota dysbiosis was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Antibiotic treatment was applied before DSS administration to deplete gut microbiota and verify the role of microbial modulation. Furthermore, the phytochemical constituents of HLWDD were characterized using liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS). The results demonstrated that HLWDD markedly alleviated DSS-induced colitis, as evidenced by reduced body weight loss, rectal bleeding, colon shortening, and disease activity index (DAI) scores. Mechanistically, HLWDD suppressed inflammatory responses in colon tissues by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways, while enhancing epithelial barrier integrity through upregulation of ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1, and Mucin-2. In addition, HLWDD attenuated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis by downregulating CHOP, phospho-eIF2α, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax, while increasing Bcl-2 expression in colonic tissues. Microbiota analysis revealed an increased abundance of beneficial bacterial genera such as Akkermansia and Escherichia-Shigella –related commensals, along with enrichment of beneficial bacterial families including Ruminococcaceae , Lachnospiraceae , and Verrucomicrobiaceae , whereas potentially harmful taxa such as Escherichia and Paraprevotella were reduced. HLWDD also increased the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate, butyrate, and isobutyrate, thereby promoting intestinal homeostasis. Importantly, the protective effects of HLWDD were largely abolished following antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion, confirming the essential role of microbial modulation in its therapeutic action. Collectively, these findings suggest that HLWDD ameliorates IBD by regulating gut microbiota composition and function, thereby inhibiting colonic ER stress and apoptosis and restoring intestinal barrier integrity. This study provides mechanistic evidence supporting the potential clinical application of HLWDD as a novel therapeutic strategy for IBD. Graphical
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APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 3.5
Wei Guoguang,Zhou Ning,Wei Jie,Zhang Alei,Chen Kequan,He Hao
Cadaverine, an essential precursor for bio-based nylon PA5X production, has emerged as a highly valuable compound in the engineered plastics and synthetic fibers industry. Current industrial biomanufacturing of cadaverine depends critically on the enzymatic activity of L-lysine decarboxylase (LDC). In this investigation, we systematically evaluated ten LDC variants originating from six distinct bacterial species, all cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Comprehensive characterization identified Sp LDC from Serratia proteamaculans as the most promising candidate, demonstrating exceptional catalytic activity under alkaline conditions. Enzymatic analysis showed that Sp LDC established optimal activity at pH 6.5 and 52 °C, with remarkable stability maintained between pH 5.5-8.0 and temperatures of 37–52 °C during prolonged 12-hour incubations. Kinetic studies revealed favorable catalytic parameters ( K m = 11.5 mM, V max = 1000 U/mg), indicating efficient substrate conversion. To enhance industrial applicability, we developed an immobilized enzyme system by genetically fusing Sp LDC with a chitin-binding domain (ChBD) and subsequently immobilizing it on chitin supports. This engineered biocatalyst demonstrated superior performance compared to whole-cell systems, achieving a 3.4-fold enhancement in cadaverine production efficiency. The immobilized preparation exhibited excellent operational stability, retaining over 50% of its initial activity through ten repeated reaction cycles. This work establishes an efficient, stable, and reusable enzymatic platform for cadaverine biosynthesis, offering significant potential for sustainable nylon PA5X production at industrial scales.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 61
·期 32
·23583-23603
·
IF 4.4
Luo Jian,Li Wenbin,Jin Chenkai,Huang Juncheng,Fang Chao,Song Lixin,Na Haining,Zhu Jin
Rare-earth-free carbon nitride luminescent materials that remain bright during prolonged high-temperature operation are highly desirable for harsh-environment optoelectronics, yet their emission is often limited by thermally activated non-radiative pathways and accelerated weathering under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Here, we report a K/Na co-regulated carbon nitride (K/Na-CN) prepared via a solid-state route. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements show a well-preserved emission band with only limited chromaticity deviation over a broad heating window. Under vacuum, K/Na-CN retains ~ 50% of its initial PL intensity at 300 °C and maintains ~ 70% PL intensity after holding at 300 °C for 60 min. During UV aging (0–192h), the powder PL intensity increases to ~ 1.7–1.8 × at 48h, reaches a maximum of ~ 2.4 × at 144h, and remains at ~ 1.5 × after 192h, which indicates robust emissive states despite irradiation-driven defect-state rebalancing. After incorporation of K/Na-CN into PMMA to prepare transparent luminescent plates, at an optimized loading, the composite shows the best dispersion and maintains high optical clarity (visible transmittance > 80% and reflectance < 12%), while providing improved UV service behavior. After UV exposure, the composite emission exhibits a systematic blue shift from ~ 530 nm (0h) to ~ 500 nm (48 h) and ~ 480 nm (96h). Meanwhile, the weak intensity gap is consistent with bulk particle aggregation and inner-filter effects limiting the effective radiative gain. Overall, K/Na-CN combines sustained high-temperature fluorescence with UV-tolerant performance in both powders and transparent polymer composites, offering a practical platform for long-service luminescent components operating under heat and irradiation stress.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 15
Qiao Xia,Liu Jiayue,Bai Jing,Xu Chao,Zhao Qianying,Guo Songlin,Ding Lu,Ma Duan,Zhang Xu,Tian Bingren
Oral administration can deliver targeted nanoparticles directly to colorectal cancer (CRC) lesions, bypassing systemic circulation. However, orally administered nanoparticles may become physically entrapped in the small intestine, compromising therapeutic efficacy. To overcome this limitation, we designed and prepared folic acid-modified, CRC cell-targeting nanoparticles (FA/CS/TPP/β-acids) and incorporated them into a sodium alginate hydrogel (Alg/FA/CS/TPP/β-acids). The release of β-acids from the nanoparticles was pH-dependent, with cumulative release following the order: pH 7.8 > pH 6.8 > pH 1.2. The nanoparticle/hydrogel system exhibits good biocompatibility (hemolytic activity < 5%; non-toxic to NCM460 cells) and significantly enhances cellular uptake in HCT116 and HT29 cells. In vivo studies showed that the nanoparticles were non-toxic and effectively inhibited CRC. Interestingly, the hydrogel undergoes a sol-gel transition under acidic gastric conditions (pH 1.2). Upon reaching the colorectum, where the pH is higher, it undergoes a gel-sol transition. These results demonstrate that the alginate-modified hydrogel can protect the nanoparticles in the gastrointestinal environment, enabling targeted release for CRC therapy. Graphical
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Scientific Reports
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Da Binlin,Guo Lei,Li Liming,Zhu Feng,Zhang Juanjuan,Wang Zhiming,Guo Feilong
Hyperammonemia is frequently encountered in cirrhosis; nevertheless, its direct hepatotoxic effects remain poorly characterized. In this study, we aimed to delineate the hepatotoxic effects of chronic hyperammonemia and and explore the related mechanisms of liver injury. Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups ( n = 10 per group): a control group, a hyperammonemia group, and a rifaximin-treated group. Starting on day 0, the hyperammonemia and rifaximin-treated groups were fed a diet supplemented with an amino acid (AA) mixture at a 1:2 ratio to normal powdered (NP) diet for 14 consecutive days to establish chronic hyperammonemia, while the control group received NP diet. From day 8 onward, mice in the rifaximin-treated group received rifaximin by gavage at 100 mg/kg once daily for 7 days; the control and hyperammonemia groups received an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline. Twenty-four hours after the final administration, blood was collected; serum was separated by centrifugation and analyzed on an automatic biochemical analyzer for blood ammonia, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Immediately after blood sampling, mice were euthanized; whole brain and liver were rapidly excised, blotted dry, weighed, and used to calculate brain weight and liver index values. Tissue specimens were fixed for hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining to evaluate histopathological damage. Commercial kits were used to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, urea content and glutamine synthetase (GS) activity in the liver tissue. Take paraffin sections of liver tissue and use Terminal Deoxynucleotide Transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) method to detect the apoptosis level of liver cells. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) were performed on liver samples to measure the mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. Hyperammonemia significantly increased brain weight index, liver index, blood ammonia, serum ALT and AST ( p < 0.001); rifaximin reversed these changes ( p < 0.001). Liver urea content was significantly lower in the hyperammonemia group (0.245 ± 0.008 mmol/g, p < 0.01) than in the control group (0.281 ± 0.004 mmol/g), and rifaximin obviously rescued this reduction and raised hepatic urea to 0.300 ± 0.014 mmol/g ( p < 0.01). Hepatic GS activity declined remarkably in the hyperammonemia group (8.37 ± 0.50, p < 0.05) compared with the control group (8.87 ± 0.41), and rifaximin treatment effectively increased GS activity (9.42 ± 0.27, p < 0.05). Histologically, H&E-stained brain sections from hyperammonemia mice displayed pronounced cytotoxic edema, while liver sections showed disordered hepatocellular cords, and marked inflammatory infiltration, both of which were mitigated by rifaximin. Compared with the control group, the liver tissue SOD activity in the hyperammonemia model group was significantly reduced, and the MDA content was significantly increased ( p < 0.01); After intervention with rifaximin, SOD activity increased and MDA content decreased ( p < 0.01). TUNEL staining further showed that the apoptosis level of liver cells in the model group mice was significantly increased compared to the control group, while treatment with rifaximin significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells ( p < 0.0001). Mechanically, hyperammonemia-induced hepatic injury are underpinned by its ability to upregulate MAPK/mTOR signaling and downregulate ULK1 activity, thereby impairing autophagic flux. Hyperammonemia may negatively regulate ULK1 activity through the MAPK/mTOR pathway, impair autophagic flux, promote liver oxidative stress and hepatocyte apoptosis, and lead to liver injury.
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