FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Meng Tao,Shanshan Wang,Sixu Li,Anan Xu,Zhen Tu,Yanyan Cao,Zhengquan Liu
Roasting significantly affects heterocyclic compound formation in tea. This study investigated and identified 9 rarely reported alkyloxazoles in tea infusion using SPME and SPE. Their concentrations increased with roasting temperature and time ranging from trace levels of a few μg/L to several tens of μg/L. Among these, 2,4,5-trimethyloxazole exhibited the highest concentration, reaching approximately 20 μg/L. Roasted tea leaves contained more alkyloxazoles than stems, particularly 2,4,5-trimethyl- and 4,5-dimethyloxazole. These compounds were widely detected in roasted teas. OAV analysis and addition tests confirmed the aroma contributions of 2,4,5-trimethyl-, 4,5-dimethyl-2-ethyl-, and 4,5-dimethyl-2-isopropyloxazole. Model reactions indicated their formation involved minor amino acids like glycine, alanine, threonine, valine, and leucine, while theanine played a minimal role. The findings expanded the chemical understanding of aroma compounds in tea, offering valuable insights into the complexity of roasted tea aroma and providing a theoretical foundation for optimizing aroma quality of roasted teas.
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高影响因子
MEASUREMENT
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Jintao Liang,Zhenshun Wei,Qing Huang,Jianlu Liang,XiuChuan Zhao,Zhide Zhou,Guiyin Li
Tea polyphenols are a general term for the total phenolic compounds in tea. Tea polyphenols play a crucial role in the quality of tea. Rapid detection of tea polyphenols is essential for tea harvesting and breeding. In this paper, a rapid method for the detection of tea polyphenols is presented based on diazotization coupling (DC) reaction and flow batch analysis system (FBAS). The tea polyphenols detection based on DC reaction can avoid interference from non-phenolic substances and improve detection accuracy. Meanwhile, FBAS for sample injection can shorten the analysis time, reduce the reagent consumption and improve the sensitivity. Experimental results demonstrate that absorbance values exhibit linearity with gallic acid concentrations in the range of 5 to 60 μg/mL, with a linear equation of y = 0.0279x + 0.0613 (R 2 = 0.9993) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.215 μg/mL (S/N=3). The method was applied to the detection of tea polyphenols in tea samples, with relative standard deviations (RSD) ranging from 0.326% to 0.659%. The DC-FBAS method has a high potential application with the requirements of portable, cost-effective, and highly precise on-site tea polyphenols detection.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Xin Yao,Yangyang Li,Jun Tang,Jieyao Yu,Yanyan Zhang,Xiaochun Wan,Guoyu Zhang,Xiaoting Zhai
Cooked note is an undesired flavor in green tea, while the key odorants and inhibition mechanisms were unknown. Here, volatiles of four green tea samples and two thermal reaction models of methionine-glucose and methional were assessed using gas chromatography‑sulfur chemiluminescence detector and two dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Nonvolatiles of reaction models were determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry. Four cooked smelling sulfur-containing odorants including dimethyl trisulfide, dimethyl sulfide, diethyl disulfide, and methanethiol having odor activity values > 1 were characterized in tea samples. Aroma addition tests confirmed dimethyl trisulfide (> 0.4 μg/L) as a reliable predictor of the cooked note. Seven sulfur-containing odorants were detected in reaction models. The addition of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate depleted glucose and interrupted the reaction, thus reduced sulfur-containing odorants' amounts. The study provides a novel insight on targeted strategic guidance for mitigating cooked off-flavor during the thermal processing of green tea production.
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高影响因子
Journal of Functional Foods
·
2025
·
IF 4
Lanlan Yang,Nian Yang,Yuanquan Ran,Huan Zhao,Qiong Hu,Yi Hong,Minyi Tian
Herein, the chemical constituents of Pittosporum glabratum leaf essential oil (EO) were analyzed, and its anticancer efficacy was explored in vitro and in vivo . Its primary phytochemicals were α -caryophyllene, ( E )- β -farnesene, and germacrene D. It displayed significant cytotoxicity against cancerous A549 cells and lower cytotoxicity against noncancerous MRC-5 cells. It induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase by downregulating CDK2-cyclin E1/2 and CDK4-cyclin D3 complexes and upregulating p21, thereby inhibiting A549 cell proliferation. It triggered A549 cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway, resulting in the ratio increase of Bax/Bcl-2, ΔΨm decrease, Cyt c release, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, and PARP cleavage. It blocked migration ability by decreasing MMP-2, MMP-9, and N-cadherin levels. Additionally, it effectively suppressed tumor growth by inducing apoptosis of transplanted tumor cells in nude mice. Hence, P. glabratum leaf EO has remarkable anticancer properties and has great potential as an anticancer drug in the pharmaceutical field.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Yaqiong Qin,Kunling Liu,Cong Nie,Fuwei Xie,Xiaoyu Wang,Ashraf Ali,Bing Wang,Qunye Hong,Wenjie Zhao
The increasing popularity of packaged beverages has raised concerns about the health risks associated with phthalate esters (PAEs), which are commonly found in plastics used for packaging. This study presents an eco-friendly approach for synthesizing a magnetic benzylated cyclodextrin-based hyper-cross-linked polymer (Fe 3 O 4 /BnCD-HCPP), in which FeCl 3 serves both as a catalyst for the Friedel–Crafts reaction and as an iron source for Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The Fe 3 O 4 /BnCD-HCPP composite was used as an adsorbent to extract of PAEs from tea beverages via magnetic solid-phase extraction, followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The optimized method exhibited excellent sensitivity, with limits of detection ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 μg L −1 . Additionally, the method achieved high recovery rates, ranging from 81.5 % to 118.5 %, and demonstrated precision (relative standard deviations <11.6 %) for PAEs spiked into tea beverages. Mechanistic studies indicated that the high extraction efficiency of Fe 3 O 4 /BnCD-HCPP for PAEs is due to its favorable pore size distribution, large specific surface area, and multiple interactions, including π-π stacking, hydrophobic force, and host-guest inclusion. This research not only provides an effective method for determining PAEs in complex aqueous matrices but also introduces a novel and sustainable approach for the fabrication of magnetic composites.
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高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Aminu Shehu Abubakar,Bilal Ahmad,Nabi Ahmad,Liangliang Liu,Bin Liu,Yatong Qu,Jikang Chen,Ping Chen,Haohan Zhao,Jia Chen,Kunmei Chen,Gang Gao,Aiguo Zhu
Luobuma tea is made from the leaves of Apocynum hendersonii (Bt) and A. venetum (Ht) and has been used for a very long time in China and Japan as herbal tea. This study isolated water-soluble polysaccharides from the two species` teas. Physicochemical properties, structural properties, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities were determined for the first time. The results showed that the Bt and Ht polysaccharides with molecular weights of 31.21 and 49.11 kDa, respectively, composed of arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, glucose, xylose, fucose, and mannose. A dose-dependent nitric oxide production and interleukin-6 inhibitory effects were obtained. Also, they suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 mRNA in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Likewise, Bt and Ht have significantly reduced edema in the paws of mice after carrageenan injection. These results suggested that the Luobuma teas polysaccharides can be explored as potential antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents.
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高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 8
Xinyao Lin,Chunling Yin,Leqian Hu,Liuchuang Zhao,Mengyao Chen,Xia Hua,Zhimin Liu,Peng Li
Fluorescent sensor arrays are becoming a hot topic in many fields because they can simultaneously detect multiple targets in complex research systems. However, most researches have only collected two-dimensional fluorescence spectral data from fluorescent sensor array interacting with target analytes. In contrast, three-dimensional fluorescence spectra can provide richer information than two-dimensional fluorescence spectra. Based on the hypothesis that collecting three-dimensional fluorescence spectra can obtain more abundant information of green tea samples from different regions, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of origin identification. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using three-dimensional fluorescent sensor array combined with multi-way pattern recognition methods for the origin discrimination of green tea based on the differences in the contents and types of metal ions in green tea. To investigate this, we first designed a fluorescent sensor array based on amino acid-derived carbon dots and examined its ability to recognize common metal ions in green tea. Excitation-emission matrix spectra of green tea extracts from different geographical origins after interaction with the fluorescent sensor array were collected. Several multi-way pattern recognition methods were used to analyze the three-dimensional fluorescent array data of 100 green tea samples from five origins. The overall classification results of green tea from the five geographical origins were satisfactory, with the best prediction accuracy reaching 96.88%. In comparison, multilinear partial least squares discriminant analysis could make full use of the information of three-dimensional fluorescence data. And its correct identification results for green tea were superior to those of unfold partial least squares discriminant analysis. These results sufficiently demonstrated that the fluorescent sensor array integrated with multi-way pattern recognition, has promising potential for tracing the origin of Chinese green tea.
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高影响因子
Horticulturae
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 2
·120
·
IF 3
Zi-Wei Zhou,Qing-Yang Wu,Yang Wu,Ting-Ting Deng,Xiao-Hui Chen,Shu-Ting Xiao,Chen-Xin Zhang,Yun Sun,Shi-Zhong Zheng
Wuyi Rock tea (WRT), originating from the northern region of Fujian province, has a good reputation for its distinctive Yan flavor and floral–fruity aroma. The aroma quality, an essential element of the Yan flavor, undergoes various changes during the manufacturing process of WRT. To enhance the understanding of the formation patterns of WRT aroma and its influence on the flavor quality of WRT, we utilized both manufactured WRT (Rougui tea) and primary tea as materials. Utilizing a sensory evaluation, detection of volatile compounds, and multivariate statistical analysis, we identified and characterized the distinctive volatile components present in WRT. The sensory evaluation and radar chart analysis revealed that the primary tea exhibited a strong and lasting aroma, along with a mellow taste and a prominent Yan flavor. Through gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF MS), a total of 251 volatile compounds were identified. The odor activity value (OAV) was calculated to identify key aroma-active compounds in the primary tea. The results indicated that a total of 14 compounds had an OAV greater than 1.0, including (2-nitroethyl) benzene, indole, and geranylacetone. These compounds exhibited floral and fruity aroma attributes. They primarily formed and accumulated during the latter stages of WRT. Using a partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) combined with a variable importance in projection (VIP) score greater than 1.0 as a criterion, a total of 89 compounds were identified. Furthermore, out of the selected compounds, 15 types, including geraniol, 1-nonanol, and 1-butyl-2-ethyl-cyclopropene, were found to exclusively exist during the enzymatic manufacturing stages, particularly during the intermediate and later phases of the turn-over process (the last-three-times turn-over treatments), exhibiting predominantly floral and sweet fragrances. In contrast, during the non-enzymatic stages, only four compounds, such as pentanoic acid and phenylmethyl ester, were detected, exhibiting a fruity aroma profile. These volatile compounds significantly influenced the quality attributes of the final tea product, resulting in strong and lasting characteristics, particularly marked by a pronounced floral and fruity aroma. This study revealed how the aroma quality in WRT is developed and pinpointed possible volatile compounds that react to post-harvest treatments, thereby offering valuable insights relating to the intelligent production strategies of WRT.
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高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 2.5
Yuanbin Li,Siyuan Chen,shanshan Li,Zhenyuan Wang,Chengyu Wu,Jichuan Zhang,Junzi Dong,Jiaheng Zhang
Bioactive constituents in Camellia sinensis (white tea) provide dermatoprotective benefits, but conventional extraction methods are often inefficient and cumbersome. Research on green extraction techniques for white tea and their effects on skin-related bioactivities remains limited. This study therefore established Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDESs) as a sustainable extraction platform for white tea bioactives and evaluated the multifunctional skincare properties of the resulting extracts. An optimized L-proline/xylitol NaDES significantly enhanced polyphenol extraction efficiency over traditional solvents. the NaDES-derived extract exhibited superior antioxidant and anti-photoaging effects due to its higher polyphenol content, while also inhibiting advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation—demonstrating anti-glycation potential. In conclusion, NaDES represents an advanced plant extraction solvent, and the derived white tea extract shows promise as a multifunctional skincare ingredient (antioxidant, anti-photoaging, anti-glycation) for cosmetic and food applications.
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高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Xiangdong Qing,Xinran Wu,Taoxiang Wang,Xiaohua Zhang,Zhiyuan Hu,Xiaohong Zhou,Jie Luan,Rong An
In the work, a novel strategy was developed to characterize and classify Chinese dark tea based on alternating trilinear decomposition combined with uniform manifold approximation and projection (ATLD-UMAP). Firstly, nine active components as targeted analytes were selected to construct qualitative and quantitative models to investigate the performance of ATLD-UMAP analysis of 3D fluorescence data. Spiked sample sets demonstrated that satisfactory results were returned with their average recoveries ranging from (91.4 ± 9.7)% to (109.3 ± 1.5)%. Subsequently, ATLD-UMAP was employed to analyze the contents of analytes in 124 real dark tea samples, revealing the presence of eight active components other than tryptophan with their average contents ranging from 0.22 mg·g −1 to 57.69 mg·g −1 . Finally, ATLD-UMAP was applied to discriminate tea samples produced from different geographical origins and processing depths, and compared with the targeted-based feature component analysis (ATLD-FCA) and the nontargeted-based principal component analysis (ATLD-PCA). The research findings demonstrated that ATLD-UMAP achieved satisfactory classification results (100.0 % accuracy, sensitivity and specificity) in simultaneously identifying dark tea's geographical origin and processing depth. In contrast, ATLD-FCA and ATLD-PCA failed to distinguish them accurately with accuracies of only 68.5 % and 64.8 %, respectively. In a word, ATLD-UMAP provides a new method for rapid authenticity identification in the dark tea industry.
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高影响因子
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Lei Wang,Yufeng Bai,Dan Ma,Wenxiu Liu,Zhiyu Shi,Chunnan Liu,Meng Zhao,Huiying Wang,Liying Luo,Jinyu Chi
Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, primarily through its induction of pathological vascular and ventricular remodeling. TEA domain transcription factor 3 (TEAD3) is a transcription factor highly expressed in myocardial tissues. PDZ domain-containing 1 (PDZK1) has been reported to protect blood vessels. This study discovered decreased expression of TEAD3 and PDZK1 in the aortic tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). TEAD3 overexpression in SHR vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) driven by the SM22α promoter was achieved through adeno-associated virus delivery. TEAD3 overexpression alleviated aortic remodeling by reducing elastic fiber and collagen deposition. This improvement in vascular structure attenuated hypertension. Subsequently, ventricular remodeling was alleviated by reducing periaortic myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular posterior wall thickness. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we overexpressed TEAD3 or PDZK1 in SHR-derived VSMCs via adenoviral infection. Both interventions suppressed VSMC proliferation and migration. Crucially, TEAD3 overexpression upregulated PDZK1 expression, and DNA pull-down assays confirmed direct binding of TEAD3 protein to the PDZK1 promoter. PDZK1 knockdown abolished the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of TEAD3. Further analysis suggested that PDZK1 exerted its protective role by inhibiting the phosphoinositide-3-kinase adaptor protein 1-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. In conclusion, this study reveals that TEAD3-PDZK1 axis attenuates the abnormal proliferation and migration of VSMCs, which ameliorates aortic and left ventricular remodeling in hypertensive conditions. These findings establish a molecular basis for developing targeted therapies against hypertension-induced cardiovascular remodeling.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2022
·
IF 10.383
Minghao Fan,Xin Zhang,Yi Zhao,Jinglei Zhi,Wanying Xu,Yuqi Yang,Ying Xu,Ke Luo,Dongfeng Wang
Tea polysaccharide (TPS) is a bioactive compound that has attracted increasing attention for its health effect on regulating the metabolism of glucose and lipid. Moreover, due to their good biocompatibility and biodegradability, TPS-based nanoparticles have emerged as effective nanocarriers for the delivery of bioactive molecules. In this study, we developed a TPS-based biocarrier system for the orally targeted administration of Mn(II) ions and investigated their antidiabetic effects in C57BL/6 mice with HFD/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM. Mn(II)-loaded TPS-based nanoparticles (MTNPs) were synthesized, in which negatively charged functional groups in protein and uronic acid in TPS conjugates would act as binding sites for Mn(II) ions, which is responsible for the cross-linking reaction of MTNP. The resulting MTNP had a spherical shape and a mean particle size of around 30 nm with a Mn(II) ion content of 2.24 ± 0.13 mg/g. In T2DM mice, we discovered that MTNP treatment significantly lowered blood glucose levels and improved glucose intolerance. Furthermore, the impact of MTNP on the recovery of FINS, the homeostatic index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the homeostatic index of β-cell (HOMA β-cell) levels was significantly larger (p < 0.05) than TPS alone, demonstrating that Mn(II) ions can enhance TPS’s ability to repair HFD/STZ-induced β-cell damage. Mn(II) ions in MTNP not only acted as cofactors to increase the exocytosis of insulin secretory cells by upregulating the expression of Ca(II)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) but also promoted TPS’s lipid-lowering effect in T2DM mice by inhibiting glucogenesis and regulating the lipid metabolism. Our findings suggest that Mn(II) ions can be used not only as cross-linkers in the formation of nanoparticulated TPS but also as cofactors in improving the functional role of TPS in regulating the glucose and lipid metabolism, which will provide insights into the development of TPS-based drug delivery systems for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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