Science Advances
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2025
·Vol. 11
·期 28
·
IF 12.5
Wei Zhao,Xueyi Mei,Yexin Zhang,Zhenghui Zhang,Kai Chen,Weiping Xie,Ying Xin,Zhaoliang Zhang,Jian Zhang
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) offers an attractive solution for the high-value utilization of two primary greenhouse gasses, methane and carbon dioxide, but its industrial applications are hindered by the net carbon dioxide–positive emissions resulting from substantial energy consumption. Here, we developed an electrified technology by passing electric current through a conductive catalyst constituting nickel and lanthanum(III) oxide cosupported on activated carbons, reaching thermodynamic equilibrium conversions and sustaining for at least 120 hours. Notably, the energy efficiency (2.976 millimoles per kilojoule) exceeds all the previously reported values, enabling net carbon dioxide–negative emissions powered by common sustainable electricity. An electrically driven release of lattice oxygen bridges the decomposition of the lanthanum oxycarbonate intermediate generated from carbon dioxide activation and the reduction of the resultant nickel oxide species by deposited carbon from methane dissociation, thus inhibiting excessive nickel oxidation and lanthanum(III) oxide carbonatation. The electrified approach would make DRM a true pathway mitigating overall carbon footprint and combating global warming.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Minpeng Lei,Yun Lei,Shiding Wang,Dongfang Yang,Shaoyuan Li,Wenhui Ma
Spent nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries are a significant secondary resource for recovering rare earth elements (REEs), particularly lanthanum (La). However, extracting La from the La 2 O 3 -containing oxide slag generated during pyrometallurgical recycling remains a major challenge. This study proposes a novel approach to address this issue by synergistically extracting La from La 2 O 3 -containing oxide slag while simultaneously upgrading metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si, 99.2%) to high-purity Si (99.991%). The process begins with the extraction of La from the La 2 O 3 -containing oxide slag using MG-Si as a reductant, yielding a useful Si-La alloy. This is followed by a three-stage leaching process to further separate the Si-La alloy and purify the Si powder. In the primary leaching stage, the Si-La alloy powder is separated into a La-containing acidic solution and residual Si powder using HCl solution. In the secondary leaching stage, Fe impurities in the residual Si powder are removed using a mixed acids solution of HF and HCl. In the tertiary leaching stage, the Si powder is further purified to 99.991% using HCl. Finally, the La ions in the La-containing acidic solution are selectively precipitated using hydrofluoric acid (HF) and ammonia (NH 3 ·H 2 O), respectively, resulting in high-purity LaF 3 (96.2%) and LaOCl (99.4%). This new method simultaneously recovers La from La 2 O 3 -containing oxide slag and enhances Si purity from 99.2 to 99.991%.
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MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Peng-Cheng Cai,Xin-Wen Zhou,Xiao-Ming Dang,Zhen-Qi Shi,Guo-Hua Zhang
HERF creates hierarchical substructures with 66.3% LAGBs in ODS-W. • La 2 O 3 particles stabilize grain boundaries and impede dislocation motion. • The forged alloy reaches 1204 MPa UTS and 4.9% elongation at 200 °C. • Tensile BDTT is at or below 100 °C, with ductility retained to 600 °C. • CPFEM and TEM reveal continuous slip transfer and broad stress redistribution. Oxide-dispersion-strengthened tungsten (ODS-W) alloys are promising candidates for fusion energy and other extreme environments, yet their application remains limited by low-temperature brittleness, weak strain hardening and grain-boundary cracking. Oxide particles can pin grain boundaries and suppress coarsening, but excessive intergranular enrichment may also promote local stress concentration and intergranular fracture. Here we develop a multiscale microstructure design strategy that combines bottom-up powder synthesis with top-down high-energy-rate forging (HERF). Nanoscale W-1 wt% La 2 O 3 composite powders were prepared by spray drying, carbothermic pre-reduction and hydrogen deep deoxygenation, followed by low-temperature hydrogen sintering. Subsequent HERF reconstructed the W matrix into an elongated hierarchical structure containing dense sub structures and dislocation networks. The characteristic structural size decreased from 2.72 to 0.81 μm, while the fraction of LAGBs increased from 3.8% to 66.3%. The forged alloy showed measurable tensile ductility at 100 °C, indicating a brittle-to-ductile transition temperature (BDTT) below 100 °C. It achieved an ultimate tensile strength of 1204 MPa and a total elongation of 4.9% at 200 °C, while maintaining a favorable strength-ductility balance from 100 to 600 °C. Multiscale characterization combined with DFT, MD and CPFEM simulations shows that La 2 O 3 stabilizes the refined microstructure through grain-boundary pinning, while intragranular particles, forged substructures and dislocation networks promote dislocation storage, plastic-strain transfer and stress redistribution. These coupled effects suppress premature crack initiation and enable wide-temperature strength-ductility synergy in ODS-W. Download: Download high-res image (272KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CARBON
·
2022
·
IF 11.307
Zhiqian Yao,Feng Liu,Suqiong Xu,Xianke Zhang,Chuicai Rong,Zuzhou Xiong,Jujun Yuan,Yi Yu,Xiurong Zhu,Huajun Yu
Prussian blue, a member of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), has attracted great interest in electromagnetic wave absorption due to its unique properties, such as multiple morphologies and tunable structures. In this paper, La 2 O 3 /Co@N-doped carbon nanotubes (La 2 O 3 /Co@NCNTs) composites were synthesized by thermal annealing La[Co(CN) 6 ]·5H 2 O Prussian blue analogue (LaCo-PBA) precursors under an Argon (Ar) atmosphere. The studies of electromagnetic wave absorption show that La 2 O 3 /Co@NCNTs demonstrated the minimum reflection loss (RL) of −53.40 dB with the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.34 GHz at the thickness of 2.45 mm. These excellent microwave absorption properties are attributed to multiple loss mechanisms, including conduction loss , polarization loss, magnetic resonance loss, and eddy current loss . This study offers a new possibility for the design of multifaceted lightweight carbon-based microwave absorbing materials.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2021
·
IF 4.539
Zhilan Pan,Hao Guo,Lei Sun,Bingqing Liu,Yuan Chen,Tingting Zhang,Mingyue Wang,Liping Peng,Wu Yang
In this present paper, a novel electrochemical sensor based on a covalent organic framework (COF) and lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT S ) was prepared for sensitive and selective detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The sensor demonstrated excellent analytical performance for DA and UA owing to the synergistic effect among large surface area of COF, highly conducting MWCNTs and highly catalytic La 2 O 3 . Particularly, the COF with a BET surface area of 1396.04 m 2 /g prepared by the Schiff base reaction between 2, 5-dibromobenzene-1, 4-dicarbaldehyde (DBTA) and 2, 4, 6-tris(4-aminophenyl)− 1, 3, 5-triazine (TAPT), significantly enhanced the adsorption and enrichment ability of the resulted modified electrode toward the target molecules. The constructed electrochemical sensor possessed low detection limits (0.039 μM for DA and 0.024 μM for UA) and wide linear ranges (2 ~ 450 μM for DA and 0.4 ~ 450 μM for UA) and could be employed to detect simultaneously the contents of DA and UA in biological and medicine samples with outstanding reproducibility, high stability as well as strong anti-interference property.
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RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 21
·12532-12542
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IF 3.361
HanShuang Liu,KaiJun Wang,XiaoYan Cao,JiaXin Su,Zhenggui Gu
In this study, different magnesium, copper, lanthanide single metal, and composite multimetal oxide catalysts were prepared via the coprecipitation route for the aerobic oxidation of cumene into cumene hydroperoxide. All catalysts were characterized using several analytical techniques, including XRD, SEM, EDS, FT-IR, BET, CO2-TPD, XPS, and TG-DTG. La2O3–CuO–MgO shows higher oxidation activity and yield than other catalysts. The results of XRD and SEM studies show that the copper and magnesium particles in the catalyst are smaller in size and have a distribution over a larger area due to the introduction of the lanthanum element. The CO2-TPD results confirmed that the catalyst has more alkali density and alkali strength, which can excite active sites and prevent the decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide. XPS results show that due to the promotional effect of La2O3, there are more lattice and active oxygen species in the catalyst, which can effectively utilize the lattice defects under the strong interaction between metal oxides for rapid adsorption and activation, thus improving the oxidation performance. Besides, La2O3–CuO–MgO exhibits good stability and crystalline structure due to its high oxygen mobility inhibiting coking during the cycle stability test. Finally, the possible reaction pathway and promotional mechanism on La2O3–CuO–MgO in cumene oxidation are proposed. We expect this study to shed more light on the nature of the surface-active site(s) of La2O3–CuO–MgO catalyst for cumene oxidation and the development of heterogeneous catalysts with high activity in a wide range of applications.
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ChemistrySelect
·
2023
·Vol. 8
·期 40
·e202302286
·
IF 2.1
Yaxin Gu,Yi Fang,Huayi Cai,Shaobo Yang,Song Yan,Rongjuan Zhang,Chaochao Cao,Chengchun Tang
Graphical Novel lanthanum modified porous BN composites (BN−La−X) were successfully prepared and applied to remove fluoride contamination in aquatic environment effectively. Fluorine contamination has caused great harm to humans and the environment. In this study, novel lanthanum modified porous boron nitride (porous BN) composites (BN−La−X) were successfully prepared and applied to remove fluoride from water. The results indicated that lanthanum was present on the surface of BN in the form of amorphous La 2 O 3 . BN−La-4 has excellent adsorption performance, and its removal of fluoride is much more effective than that of porous BN with good cyclic regeneration ability. In addition, the fluoride adsorption by BN−La-4 could reach adsorption equilibrium within 2 h and the adsorption kinetics was conformed to the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacity of BN−La-4 was calculated from the Langmuir model to be 80.04 mg g −1 , which was better than most related adsorbents. Furthermore, the presence of anions and pH values affected the removal of fluoride. The adsorption mechanisms were consisted of electrostatic attraction, ion exchange between hydroxyl and fluorine ions, and the formation of coordination complexes between lanthanide ions and fluoride ions. In summary, La 2 O 3 modified porous boron nitride composite is a promising adsorbent for the removal of fluoride contamination in aquatic environment.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2017
·
IF 3.582
Yiqun Jiang,Xiulin Fan,Xuezhang Xiao,Xu Huang,Meijia Liu,Shouquan Li,Hongwei Ge,Lixin Chen
Formic acid (FA, HCOOH), a convenient and safe hydrogen storage material, has the great potential for fuel cell applications . However, hydrogen generation of FA is inefficient in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts at relatively low temperatures, which remains a big challenge. Herein, La 2 O 3 -modified highly dispersed AuPd alloy nanoparticles (AuPd La 2 O 3 ) with small particle size have been successfully anchored on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by a facile co-reduction route. Moreover, the catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity and 100% hydrogen selectivity for hydrogen generation in the formic acid/sodium formate (FA/SF) system with the initial turnover frequency (TOF) value of 589 mol H 2 mol −1 catalyst h −1 at 50 °C and 280 mol H 2 mol −1 catalyst h −1 even at room temperature (25 °C). The present Au 0.3 Pd 0.7 -(La 2 O 3 ) 0.6 /CNTs with superior catalysis on FA dehydrogenation without any CO generation at room temperature can not only pave the way for practical application of hydrogen storage system, but also can be extended to other catalysis system.
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JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
·
2023
·
IF 3.5
Wenzhuo Xue,Zilong Xiong,Yupeng Chen,Feihu Tan,Hongyu Yu
High frequency performance and the content of glass are the direct factors affecting the performance of LTCC . In order to reduce the content of glass and improve the performance, we conducted a systematic study on the composition regulation of B 2 O 3 -La 2 O 3 -ZnO (BLZ) glass. Glass with low softening point is helpful for LTCC to achieve compact structure. DSC shows that the softening point of BLZ glass can be reduced from 580 ℃ to 537 ℃ by adjusting the composition. XRD analysis indicate that the glass and Al 2 O 3 formed ZnAl 2 O 4 interfacial phases. Combined with the thermal shrinkage curve, it can be proved that the softening of glass and the formation of interfacial phases are the reasons for the shrinkage and densification of LTCC. The lowest coefficient of thermal expansion of 2.878 ppm/℃ was obtained, and the minimum loss of LTCC is 0.00277 at 15 Ghz. These properties are making LTCC more suitable for high-frequency applications.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Shuai Dai,Chang Sun,Yuhe Zhang,Lingzhi Zeng,Yiqiong Peng,Liyuan Zhou,Yanlong Wang,Jian Jiang,Chang Ming Li
Practical utilization of Li-sulfur batteries (LSBs) is still hindered by the sulfur cathode side due to its inferior electrical conductivity , huge volume expansion and adverse polysulfide shuttling effects. Though using polar catalysts coupled with mesoporous carbons may well surmount these barriers, such unsheltered catalysts rarely survive due to oversaturated polysulfide adsorption and extra sulfuration side reactions. To overcome above constrains, we herein propose to implant highly reactive nanocatalysts into carbon matrix with few nanometers insertion depth for mechanical protection. As a paradigm study, we have embedded La 2 O 3 -quantum dots (QDs) into carbon nanorods , which are then assembled into carbon microspheres (CMs). As evaluated, La 2 O 3 QDs-CMs can help elevate the cathode redox reaction kinetics and sulfur utilization ratios, delivering a large capacity of 1392 mAh g −1 at 0.25C and high-capacity retention of 76% after total cycling. The thin carbon layers on La 2 O 3 QDs exert a key role in impeding excess polysulfide accumulation on catalysts and thus prevent their deactivation/failure. Our strategy may guide a smart way to make catalysts-involved sulfur cathode systems with ultra-long working durability for LSBs applications.
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Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 13
·3454-3468
·
IF 5.726
Huixian Zhong,Jiaming Wang,Kang An,Kegong Fang,Yuan Liu
A catalyst with a novel composition for direct ethanol synthesis from syngas was prepared and investigated in this work, which is Rh nanoparticles (NPs) highly dispersed on La2O3 modified LaFeO3, and the Rh NPs/La2O3–LaFeO3 was loaded on SiO2 with high surface area. The catalyst was prepared by using LaFe1−xRhxO3 in the perovskite phase as the precursor, which was transformed to Rh/La2O3–LaFeO3/SiO2 after reduction. The results showed that, compared to Rh–La2O3/SiO2, the activity and selectivity to ethanol were improved markedly, which was ascribed to the well-matched catalyzing process by the active sites of Rh0, Rh+ (or Rhδ+) and the oxygen vacancies on the surface of LaFeO3; of those, Rh0 dissociatively adsorbed CO and the latter two associatively adsorbed CO. Moreover, the interaction of La2O3 and LaFeO3 donated electrons to rhodium, which effectively adjusted the ratio of CO adsorbed associatively and dissociatively, and thus improved the selectivity to ethanol and lowered the selectivity to methanol. The catalyst also exhibited excellent resistance to the sintering of Rh NPs and to carbon deposition, which was attributed to the confinement of Rh NPs by La2O3 and LaFeO3, the eliminating effect of La2O3 and LaFeO3 and the very high dispersion of Rh NPs.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2018
·
IF 5.116
Bo Xu,Zaichun Liu,Weibin Qiu,Qian Liu,Xuping Sun,Guanwei Cui,Yuping Wu,Xiaoli Xiong
Identification of new effective and selective N 2 reduction electrocatalyst is still of critical importance for fundamental and application research. Here, we report La 2 O 3 nanoplate performing as an efficient metal oxide catalyst for electrochemical N 2 fixation to NH 3 , which exhibits excellent selectivity and stability with a high Faradaic efficiency of 4.76% and a NH 3 yield rate of 17.04 μg h −1 mg −1 cat. at −0.8 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 solution under atmospheric pressure. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation results show that La atoms in La 2 O 3 act as the active sites for efficiently adsorbing N 2 . The optimal adsorption approach of N 2 molecule on the (011) face of La 2 O 3 is end-on-two configuration which is highly activated. Thus La 2 O 3 exhibits high performance for electrochemical reduction of N 2 .
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