Diversity-Basel
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2022
·Vol. 14
·期 9
·756
·
IF 3.029
Xiaodong Shan,Feifei Chen,Huikang Lin,Hangjun Zhang,Yuchi Zhong,Zhiquan Liu,Yan Li
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are commonly used in various commercial applications, causing toxic effects on organisms and destroying biodiversity, but information about their protective approaches remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of theaflavins (TFs) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against ZnO-NP-induced cytotoxicity in rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells. Herein, RTE cells were exposed to 100 μg/L ZnO-NPs for 12 h, then treated with 0, 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L TFs or EGCG for another 12 h; subsequently, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis analyses were conducted. Relative to the control groups, TFs and EGCG treatment significantly inhibited the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde content. Exposure to 1000 μg/L TFs or EGCG treatment downregulatedcytochrome Cgene expression levels by 59.10% and 77.27%;Caspase 3gene expression by 50.03% and 60.01%;Caspase 8gene expression by 45.11% and 55.57%; andCaspase 9gene expression by 51.33% and 66.67%, respectively. Meanwhile,interleukin 1βandinterleukin 6,tumor necrosis factor-α, and the other inflammatory chemokines such asC-C motif chemokine 2andC-X-C motif chemokine 8expression were all gradually rescued after the addition of TFs or EGCG. These results imply that TFs or EGCG possibly ameliorated ZnO-NPs-induced toxicity through antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study provides novel approaches which mitigate the emerging nanoparticle pollutant toxicity in organisms, which may potentially slow down the destruction of biodiversity.Keywords:ZnO-NPs;apoptosis;theaflavins;epigallocatechin gallate;toxicology;antioxidants
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 11.357
Qiting Xie,Ruimin Gu,Daohui Lin,Na Liu,Ruohua Qu,Fei Ge
The interfacial interaction between pollutants and organisms is a critical process in controlling the environmental fates of pollutants; however, in situ assay of the interaction is still a great challenge. Here, in situ determination of dissociation constants (Kd) for ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from live algal cells disturbed by different-charged surfactants was established using microscale thermophoresis (MST). Moreover, in situ measurement of the adhesion force between the ZnO NPs probe and live single cell was performed using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Results showed that the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) and anionic sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) increased but nonionic Triton X-100 (TX-100) decreased the adhesion of ZnO NPs on cells. However, the force signature exhibited a smooth single retracted peak at short distances in the SDBS- and TX-100-treated groups, distinguished from the “see-saw” pattern peak in the CTAC-treated groups. The extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verway–Overbeek (XDLVO) calculation further confirmed that SDBS and TX-100 mainly disturbed the short-range hydration on the NP–cell interface, while CTAC reduced the long-range electrostatic repulsion. Furthermore, an excellent linear correlation between Zn bioaccumulation and two parameters (Kd and adhesion force) indicated that NP–cell interfacial interactions affected Zn bioaccumulation. Thus, in situ assay provides a quantitative basis for the pollutant–organism interfacial interaction to evaluate the environmental fate and ecological risk of pollutants.
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Polymers
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 17
·3605
·
IF 4.967
Jiang Wu,Bo Zhang,Tianjiao Li,Yan Du,Wen Cao,Hao Yang
The operating safety of spacecraft in space environments is closely related to the surface discharging phenomenon of dielectrics such as polyimide (PI) film in solar arrays; moreover, carrier traps in the dielectric can affect its insulation performance. Therefore, to improve the vacuum surface flashover characteristics of PI film by nano modification and reveal the effect of trap distribution on the flashover of PI composite film, first, the original PI and nano-ZnO/PI composite films with different additive amounts (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt.%) were prepared by in situ polymerization and their performance was evaluated by the physicochemical properties characterized by methods such as thermogravimetric analysis; second, the surface traps of the original and nanocomposite films were measured and calculated by surface potential decay method, and the carrier mobility was also obtained; finally, the vacuum direct current (DC) surface flashover characteristics and bulk resistivity of all the film samples were measured and analyzed. The experiment results showed that with the increase in the amount of nano-ZnO, both the shallow and deep trap density increased significantly, while the trap energy varied slightly, and the surface flashover voltage also increased obviously. Based on the multi-core model, the increases in the shallow and deep trap density after the introduction of nano-ZnO into the PI matrix was analyzed from the microscopic perspective of the interface. Based on the comparative analysis of the trap distribution and surface flashover voltage characteristics, a bilayer model of vacuum DC surface flashover development was proposed. In the bilayer model, deep traps and shallow traps play a dominant role in the vacuum–solid interface and the inner surface of the dielectric, respectively, and increasing the trap density could effectively inhibit secondary electron multiplication on the surface and accelerate charge dissipation inside the film. Consequently, nano-ZnO can purposefully control the trap distribution, and then improve the flashover characteristics of nano-ZnO/PI composite films, which provides a new approach for improving the spacecraft material safety.Keywords:nanocomposite;polyimide film;trap distribution;DC surface flashover;bilayer model
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Jinhua Luo,Yaohui Wu,Mengzhu Jiang,Aihua Zhang,Xiaoyong Chen,Yelin Zeng,Yonghong Wang,Yunlin Zhao,Guangjun Wang
Developing broad-spectrum light reactions, effective charge separation, and easily recoverable photocatalysts were considered cost-effective pollution remediation methods. The ZnFe 2 O 4 /BC/ZnO composite was prepared to achieve these objectives, where biochar (BC) was used as a conductive channel and ZnFe 2 O 4 as a magnetic substance. Among them, the 0.6-ZBO composite performed the best, with photocatalytic removal of tetracycline (TC) reaching 85.6%. The photocatalytic degradation rated constant of 0.6-ZBO composite was 23.36 × 10 −3 min −1 , which was 7.6, 4.1, and 2.5 times higher than that of ZnFe 2 O 4 /BC, ZnO, and ZnFe 2 O 4 /ZnO samples, respectively. According to several characterization data, it was demonstrated that successful Z-scheme heterojunctions were constructed between ZnFe 2 O 4 and ZnO. The 0.6-ZBO complex increased the range of light absorption and strengthened the separation of electron-hole pairs, thus improving the redox ability of the complex. In the different water matrices, the stability of 0.6-ZBO was excellent and its ability to remove TC decreased slightly to about 11% after 5 cycles. This work provided a valuable approach to design a novel and efficient system for degrading organic pollutants in wastewater using magnetic biochar.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2022
·
IF 6.371
Xiameng Li,Jian Liu,Feifei Qin,Da Chen,Xu Wang
Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures offer a promising platform for optimizing and controlling physical properties of a variety of materials and devices, which has attracted extensive attentions in ultrafast photonic applications. Here, a hybrid vdW saturable absorber (SA) based on ZnO sphere heterostructures has been fabricated by transferring the low-temperature hydrothermal method ZnO spheres onto gold mirrors and covering with Au nanoparticles and the graphene layer. In comparison with the ZnO sphere SA, the vdW SA exhibits the stronger emission intensity in the ultraviolet-visible range and the higher optical absorption in the near-infrared range, respectively. Meanwhile, by using the balanced twin-detector technology, a modulation depth of 6.6% has been obtained from vdW SA, which is 2.8 times greater than that of the solo ZnO SA due to the harvest of photons and the transfer of photon-generated carriers in the vdW heterostructure. Based on the hybrid vdW SA, a quite stable Q-switched laser and a mode-locked laser operation with a tunable wavelength range from 1531.4 to 1560.4 nm have been achieved. These results demonstrate a effective strategy for enhancing nonlinear optical properties of SAs and pave a way for developing novel types of SAs for the application of ultrafast lasers.
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CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
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2022
·Vol. 29
·期 1
·e202202658
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IF 5.02
Maruf Ahmed,Ruihua Zhao,Tian Xing,Jianping Du
Graphical ZnO/BiOCl heterojunction material is fabricated by constructing netlike ZnO and BiOCl nanosheets. It exhibits high selectivity to ammonia and detection limit is 0.25 μM, which is suitable to detect volatile amines quantitatively. The synergetic effects of the heterojunction and netlike structures contribute to boosting electrochemical activity. The ZnO/BiOCl hybrid could be an promising candidate for detection and analysis. The electrochemical sensing is a potential method for detection of trace toxic substance. Herein, the heterojunction of netlike ZnO/BiOCl nanosheets was constructed for the enhanced electrochemical detection of ammonia. Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical performance. The results show that the ZnO/BiOCl-modified electrode exhibits higher sensitivity towards ammonia compared with the ZnO and BiOCl-based electrodes, which is ascribed to band structure and fast electron transfer. The high response of 11.8 μA mM −1 and a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.25 μM are achieved. In addition, the ZnO/BiOCl material exhibits high selectivity, repeatability and stability. The better linear relationship between concentration and current ( R 2 =0.99) is significant for quantitative detection of ammonia, implying that netlike ZnO/BiOCl nanosheets can serve as electrochemical sensing platform for detecting toxic substance. This research provides a strategy for fabricating two-dimensional netlike materials and regulating heterojunctions used for electrochemical application.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2022
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IF 5.518
Fucheng Yu,Haiyang Chen,Xin Tian,Yadong Zhou,Junpeng Cui,Cuixia Li,Jianbin Zhang,Xianxi Tang,Yangshuo Liu
A new binary composite photocatalyst consisting of ZnO hollow nanospheres and ZnCo 2 S 4 nanoparticles was prepared by a two-step method. Carbon nanospheres as templates for the preparation of ZnO hollow nanospheres were synthesized by a hydrothermal method . Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV vis DRS) and Mott Schottky curve measurements, the regulated band structure of the composite was determined, and then the type-II carrier transfer mechanism in the composite was identified. The effect of the mass ratio of ZnCo 2 S 4 to ZnO on the photocatalytic performance of the composite was investigated. With the increase in the mass ratio of ZnCo 2 S 4 to ZnO, the photocatalytic performance of the composite first increases and then decreases, and the composite sample with a mass ratio of 30% shows the best performance. Furthermore, the introduction of oxygen vacancy (V O ) defects into ZnO hollow nanospheres not only improves the photocatalytic performance of the composite but also greatly improves photocorrosion resistance. Therefore, the newly discovered ZnCo 2 S 4 /ZnO composite photocatalyst has potential practical applications.
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
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2022
·
IF 5.141
Chenyan Wu,Qianhong Shen,Jie Liu,Libei Jiang,Jiansong Sheng,Yue Li,Hui Yang
Regulating the migration behavior of photo-generated carriers is an effective strategy to design high-performance photocatalysts. Herein, ZnO/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 type II heterojunction was fabricated through the composite of wide-bandgap ZnO and narrow-bandgap Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 , and the charge transfer mechanism was changed from type II into Z-scheme by photo-depositing Ag nanoparticles on ZnO/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 composite. The loaded Ag nanoparticles not only expanded absorption of ZnO to visible-light range through surface plasmon resonance effect, but also were served as bridge for photo-generated carriers, thereby changing transfer behavior of charge carriers in ZnO/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 composite system. Compared with ZnO/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 type II heterojunction, Ag@ZnO/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 Z-Scheme heterostructure promoted separation efficiency of photo-generated carriers, and the average carrier lifetime was increased by 2.0 times. The mineralization rate of ciprofloxacin by Ag@ZnO/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 composite was 2.6 times higher than that of ZnO/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 composite, which reached 16.9 times that of pure Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 photocatalyst, exhibiting stronger redox ability.
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Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 11
·1898
·
IF 5.719
Xuan Chen,Jin Li
With the increasing water pollution, traditional treatments cannot sufficiently remove pollutants, thereby prompting the development of photocatalysts. In this study, ZnO–carbon cloth (CC) and spherical ZnO/CdSe–CC heterostructures with different CdSe loadings were synthesized using an ultrasonic-hydrothermal method on flexible CC. Z20CdSe–CC (ZnO with 20 mg CdSe loaded on CC) exhibited the best visible-light-responsive photocatalytic performance, with approximately 83.5% methylene blue reduced in 180 min. In addition, the degradation efficiency of Z20CdSe–CC was maintained at 70.9% after three cycles in relation to that of the ZnO powder. The synergistic effect of CdSe and CC not only effectively widened the light absorption range of ZnO/CdSe–CC but also further promoted the effective transfer of carriers and realized an efficient photocatalytic degradation process. Therefore, the ZnO/CdSe–CC photocatalytic material with CC as the flexible substrate exhibited high photocatalytic activity and stability in environmental remediation. This provides a design idea for the development of an efficient and flexible photocatalytic material in line with the concept of green chemistry.Keywords:ZnO/CdSe–CC;heterostructure;photocatalysis
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Materials Today Nano
·
2022
·
IF 13.364
C. Shuai,X. Yuan,Y. Shuai,G. Qian,J. Yao,W. Xu,S. Peng,W. Yang
Antibacterial property is urgently needed in scaffold-induced bone regeneration. Zinc oxide (ZnO) as a photocatalyst enables to produce photoexcited electron-hole pairs to catalyze reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which triggers the peroxidation and consequently apoptosis of bacteria. However, the fast recombination of electron-hole pairs and the wide band gap of ZnO restrict the full play of its antibacterial property. Herein, a nitrogen-doped carbon-ZnO (NC-ZnO) heterojunction derived from metal organic frameworks was synthesized by direct carbonization . On one hand, the N-doped C in NC-ZnO acted as electron acceptors to trap photoexcited electrons in conduction band of ZnO, which improved the separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs. On the other hand, the N-doped C with high absorption coefficient enabled NC-ZnO to possess a relatively narrow band gap and wide light absorption range compared with ZnO. The obtained NC-ZnO heterojunction was then introduced into poly- l -lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold to construct a photodynamic antibacterial platform. The results showed that NC-ZnO endowed the scaffold with excellent photocatalytic activity and greatly stimulated the production of ROS. The antibacterial tests suggested that the PLLA/NC-ZnO scaffold possessed robust antibacterial activities with 99.9% antibacterial efficiency toward Escherichia coli , which was increased by 113.9% compared with PLLA/ZnO scaffold.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2022
·
IF 6.14
Xue-Yan Wu,Li-Yuan Zhu,Jie Sun,Kai-Yue Zhu,Xiao-Yong Miao,Meng-Yang Liu,Xue-Feng Zhao,Hong-Liang Lu
Pt nanoparticle (NP)-modified SnO2–ZnO (SnO2–ZnO–Pt) core–shell nanosheets (NSs) for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas sensing were successfully synthesized via atomic layer deposition, hydrothermal method, and magnetron sputtering. More importantly, the SnO2–ZnO–Pt NS sensing materials were synthesized in situ on microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices, which are expected to be high-performance gas sensors with superior sensitivity, great selectivity, good reproducibility, and low power consumption. To be specific, the SnO2–ZnO–Pt NSs displayed a high sensitivity (Ra/Rg) of 30.43 and an excellent selectivity when detecting 5 ppm H2S at an operating temperature of 375 °C. Their rate of resistance change was 29.43, which was about 24 and 9 times those of the pristine SnO2 NS (∼1.25) and SnO2–ZnO core–shell NS (∼3.43) sensors, respectively. These substantially improved sensing properties could be mainly attributed to the formation of heterojunctions, catalytic sensitization effect, and increased specific surface area of Pt NP modification. Thus, the proposed SnO2–ZnO–Pt NS gas sensors demonstrate great potential as a high-performance sensing material for application in H2S gas sensors.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 9.965
Fazli Wahid,Xue-Qing Zhao,Ji-Xiao Cui,Yun-Ya Wang,Feng-Ping Wang,Shi-Ru Jia,Cheng Zhong
Superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic (SUS) membrane technology has attracted extensive attention for water purification. However, the fabrication of multifunctional membranes to satisfy the complex wastewater treatment is still a big challenge. In this work, bacterial cellulose (BC) based multifunctional SUS membranes were designed for water purification. Membranes were prepared by blending BC nanofibers with TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs), and further modified by the in situ growth of ZnO-NPs. The composite membranes showed oil/water (o/w) separation under a small driving pressure (0.2–0.3 bar) with a flux rate of 8232.81 ± 212 L m − 2 h −1 and with a high separation efficiency (>99.9%). Membranes could also separate oil-in-water emulsion with a separation flux of 1498 ± 74 L m − 2 h −1 and with high efficiency (99.25%). Moreover, the composite membrane exhibited photocatalytic activity under visible light with a high efficiency (>92%). The composite membranes were also investigated for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. This work may inspire the fabrication of next-generation multifunctional membranes for wastewater treatment, particularly oily wastewater, dyes and microbial contaminated water.
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