JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 1.9
Zhiyi Zhang,Haipeng Yu,Liqun Hao
As a key component of the replication protein A (RPA) complex, RPA3 has been identified as oncogenic in multiple solid tumors. However, its specific role in breast cancer remains poorly understood. RPA3 expression and its prognostic relevance in breast cancer were assessed based on the public databases. To further confirm the biological function of RPA3, we knocked down RPA3 in the breast cancer cell line Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) and then conducted Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. In vivo effects of RPA3 were tested in a xenograft model. We found that high expression of RPA3 in breast cancer predicted adverse patient outcomes. RPA3 was mainly involved in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways, including the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway. RPA3 knockdown effectively suppressed cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RPA3 knockdown decreased TGF-β1 promoter activity and reduced TGF-β1 expression at mRNA and protein levels, accompanied by decreased p-Smad2/3 levels. RPA3 knockdown also significantly blocked autophagy, as evidenced by decreased microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I ratio, increased sequestosome 1 (p62) level, and reduced LC3 puncta. Notably, pharmacological activation of the TGF-β pathway partially reversed autophagy alterations induced by RPA3 knockdown. These data support the possibility of RPA3 as a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Food Bioscience
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Manman Lu,Haoyuan Wang,Zhilong Zeng,Ahmed H. Abdullah,Yijia Li,Muhammad Wasim,Min Zhou,Xiong Liu
Polysaccharides have been widely reported to reduce starch digestibility. However, most studies primarily attribute this effect to viscosity enhancement or physical entrapment, while limited attention has been given their role in extrusion systems, particularly in relation to multiscale structural reorganization and interactions with starches of varying amylose contents. This study aimed to investigate the effects of yeast β-glucan (YG) on the physicochemical properties, multiscale structure, and in vitro digestion of extruded corn starch (ECS) prepared from corn starch (CS) with varying amylose contents: 55.79% (CS1), 32.15% (CS2), and 3.58% (CS3). YG was incorporated either before or after extrusion. The effects of YG on ECS varied depending on the amylose content of CS. Compared with ECS alone, YG addition prior to extrusion (ECS–YG) significantly reduced the hydrolysis rate and increased the content of resistant starch (RS) of ECS. This effect was particularly pronounced in ECS2–YG, which exhibited a significantly higher RS content (18.86%, P < 0.05), and a lower estimated glycemic index than ECS2. This was likely due to the balanced amylose–amylopectin ratio in CS2, which facilitated molecular mobility and provided sufficient interaction sites for hydrogen bonding and chain entanglement with YG during extrusion. This mechanism was supported by suppressed water solubility, enhanced hydrogen bonding, increased crystallinity, improved thermal stability, and higher viscosity in ECS2–YG. These results could provide a strong basis for the application of YG in extruded corn–based starchy foods with a lower glycemic index.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2026
·
IF 13.8
Qiaochun Chen,Yuanyuan Chen,Qian Zhou,Mingfu Wang
Galangin (Gal), a hydrophobic flavonoid prevalent in galangal, exhibits remarkable inhibitory effects against the formation of β -carboline, a subclass of heterocyclic amines. However, its poor aqueous water solubility hinders its application in water-based food systems, such as braised meats. To address this issue, Gal-loaded zein/pectin nanoparticles (ZGP-NPs) were designed to integrate the potential inhibitory effects of Gal and pectin against HAs formation while improving Gal dispersion in aqueous systems. The nanoparticle formulation was optimized, achieving high encapsulation efficiency (96.07%) and loading capacity (7.93%) at a Gal concentration of 2 mg/mL. Microstructural and physicochemical characterization revealed successful encapsulation, yielding uniform spherical particles with an average size of 123.42 nm. ZGP-NPs demonstrated satisfactory stability across different chemical and physical conditions. In brine models and braised lamb applications, ZGP-NPs significantly suppressed β -carboline formation, achieving 35.43–68.30% (free type) reductions in β -carbolines in brine model systems, and 10.58–28.24% (free type) and 31.72–55.22% (free + bounded type) reductions in braised lamb. Mechanistic insights suggest that ZGP-NPs may suppress β -carboline generation via trapping of aldehydes (precursors for β -carboline formation), free radical scavenging, and direct binding of β -carbolines. This work demonstrates a pioneering strategy for mitigating HAs using polyphenol-encapsulated nanoparticles, providing a novel, efficient, and cost-effective approach for improving meat safety.
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Food and Bioprocess Technology
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 3
·155
·
IF 5.6
Fan Zhihao,Shen Yu,Usman Muhammad,Su Kerui,Shahid Ayesha,Zhao Anqi,Li Xinyu,Zhang Beixiao,Xu Jingliang
Spirulina platensis is a nutrient-rich cyanobacterium with immune-enhancing, anti-aging, and cholesterol-lowering properties. However, fresh Spirulina is highly susceptible to spoilage during storage. This study developed a preservation strategy based on curcumin encapsulated in hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin (HBC-Cur) to improve the storage stability of fresh Spirulina . During storage, treatment of fresh Spirulina with 2 mg/mL HBC-Cur exhibited protective effects by synergistically inhibiting microbial growth and mitigating oxidative reactions. Chlorophyll content was retained at 74.39% of the initial level. In terms of lipid and protein oxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased by 45.73%, and protein carbonyl formation was reduced by 19.69%, indicating effective alleviation of oxidative deterioration. In addition, biogenic amines remained at consistently low levels, with putrescine content reduced by 76.53% relative to the control after 8 days. During the late storage phase, oxidative rancidity and spoilage-related VOCs, including hexanal, heptanal, nonenal, propionic acid, and nitrogen- and sulfur-containing volatiles, significantly increased in the control, whereas the VOCs of HBC-Cur-treated Spirulina remained relatively stable. This approach may offer a potential strategy for preserving bioactive components and suppressing the formation of spoilage-related compounds in Spirulina with implications for the development of sustainable food storage technologies. Graphical
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Polymer Chemistry
·
2026
·
IF 3.9
Mengchao Zhang,Sifan Li,Zhaohui Zhang,Hongkun Li
The direct conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added polymeric materials has garnered considerable research interest in recent decades. Multicomponent tandem polymerization (MCTP), as an emerging synthetic strategy, demonstrates exceptional efficiency in constructing functional polymers. Nevertheless, CO2-involved MCTP systems have been rarely reported. Herein, we developed a one-pot MCTP involving CO2, alkynes, alkyl bromide, and thiol, enabling the efficient transformation of CO2 into structurally well-defined regioregular polymers. The polymerization process mediated by Ag2WO4 and Cs2CO3 under ambient pressure in N,N-dimethylacetamide upon heating produced four soluble poly(β-thioacrylate)s with high weight-average molecular weights (up to 11 500 g mol−1) and Z-stereoregularities (up to 84%). Notably, the tetraphenylethene-containing polymer exhibited aggregation-induced emission features, demonstrating its potential as a dopant in liquid crystalline polymer networks. The resulting film displayed circularly polarized luminescence properties with an exceptional luminescence dissymmetry factor of −0.88. Intriguingly, the polymer/polyamide 6 (PA6) composites manifested room-temperature phosphorescence featuring long emission lifetimes up to 510 ms. Furthermore, the polymers could be post-modified by the thiol–ene click reaction to produce sulfur-rich polymers. This work provides a robust platform for converting CO2 into stereoregular polymeric materials with tailorable photophysical properties, offering promising applications in advanced optoelectronic materials and sustainable technologies.
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INTERNATIONAL UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 2.2
Liu Hong,Zhang Shuang,Zhao Xiu‑Nan,Wang Zhen‑Zhen,Song Jia‑Ni,Liu Shu‑Xin
Purpose Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common pathological type of primary nephrotic syndrome in adults. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of several renal diseases. Here we investigated the potential involvement of miRNAs in MN progression. Methods miRNA sequencing was performed in the urinary exosomes of MN patients and normal controls (three cases per group). An experimental mouse MN model induced by cationic bovine serum albumin (CBSA) and MPC5 podocytes intoxicated by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) were used in this study. Results Compared with the normal controls, 19 miRNAs were downregulated and 13 upregulated in the urinary exosomes of MN patients. In an expanded cohort, we confirmed that miR-423-5p was significantly upregulated in the urinary exosomes of MN patients. Urinary particle concentrations and size distribution were assessed using transmission electron microscopy and NanoSight. Similarly, upregulated miR-423-5p was observed in PAN-intoxicated MPC5 cells. Lentiviral vector-mediated inhibition of miR-423-5p suppressed podocyte apoptosis and inactivated β-catenin signaling. Upon miRNA database prediction, WT1 was identified as a target of miR-423-5p. Consistently, downregulated WT1 expression in PAN-intoxicated MPC5 cells was rescued by miR-423-5p inhibition. The target relationship between miR-423-5p and WT1 mRNA 3’UTR was validated by the dual luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of WT1 reversed the inhibitory effect of LV-anti-miR-423-5p on podocyte apoptosis and β-catenin signaling. Notably, miR-423-5p inhibition and WT1 overexpression attenuated renal injury and podocyte apoptosis in MN mice. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that miR-423-5p expression is upregulated in urinary exosomes of MN patients and modulates WT1, affecting podocyte apoptosis by the β-catenin signaling pathway. Inhibition of miR-423-5p action may protect against MN.
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CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS
·
2026
·
IF 2.8
Yuqi Yao,Shiyong Sun,Xingyun Yang,Pan Zhou,Haoming Tang,Shanshan Pu
Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), naturally abundant clay minerals with unique tubular
structures and biocompatibility, offer significant potential as an enzyme immobilization
matrix. Conventional functionalization methods often involve energy-intensive
processes or compromise enzyme activity, however. The study offers an approach to
functionalizing HNTs via alkali activation and polydopamine (PDA) coating for
efficient immobilization of β-glucosidase (BG). Alkali treatment enhanced surface
hydroxyl density and defect sites, while PDA deposition through mild oxidative
polymerization provided a reactive interface for covalent enzyme conjugation mediated
by N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)
crosslinking. Structural characterization (XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS) confirmed
successful PDA coating and enzyme binding while preserving the crystalline integrity
of HNTs. At an optimal loading of 167mg·g
–1
support, the immobilization efficiency was
83% with retained activity. The immobilized BG not only exhibited optimal catalytic
performance at pH 6.0 and 60°C but also enhanced stability against pH/temperature
fluctuations through immobilization. Kinetic analysis revealed a 39% increase in Vmax
(4.73 vs. 3.40 mM·L
–1
·min–1
) and sustained substrate affinity (Km=10.4 mM·L
–1
). The
biocatalyst retained ≧84% activity after 30 days of storage at 4℃ and 53% activity
over six reuse cycles, attributed to the rigid enzyme conformation stabilized by covalent
PDA coupling and HNTs confinement. The research results presented are expected to
broaden the application scope of halloysite in the field of enzyme catalysis and provide
a feasible solution for improving the catalytic stability of β-glucosidase.
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MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Diyi Liu,Lu Liu,Ping Yin,Yan Tian,Jing Zhang
17β-Estradiol (E2), a typical endocrine-disrupting chemical, is widely detected in various aquatic environments, including rivers, lakes, groundwater, estuaries, and coastal waters, posing significant ecological and health risks. Photodegradation is a key pathway for the transformation and removal of E2 from aquatic systems. This study investigated the effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from different sources and common inorganic anions (Cl − and NO 3 − ) on E2 photodegradation under simulated solar irradiation. The results indicated that the excited triplet state of DOM ( 3 DOM*), generated upon light absorption, was the key reactive species driving E2 photodegradation. Among the DOM sources examined, humic acid exhibited the strongest promotive effect on E2 photodegradation. Correlation analysis confirmed that terrestrial humic-like components within seawater DOM were the primary contributors to 3 DOM* formation. Seawater DOM from nearshore areas exhibited higher steady-state concentrations of 3 DOM* owing to greater terrestrial input. Both Cl − and NO 3 − effectively accelerated E2 photodegradation, and the E2 degradation rate increased with their concentrations. In contrast, the coexistence of Cl − , NO 3 − , and DOM inhibited E2 photodegradation. In DOM-dominated systems, the main transformation pathways of E2 involved oxidation and hydrolysis reactions on the phenolic ring. This study elucidates the effects of DOM source and water chemical composition on E2 photodegradation, which is crucial for accurately predicting its environmental fate and ecological risks. Moreover, the findings provide valuable insights into the photochemical transformation of other emerging organic contaminants.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Qing Yang,Zehan Su,Xinyu Li,Yiqi Yuan,Zhishan Su,Hongjian Yan
β-Ketoenamine TpABN is incorporated into CTF-1 via eutectic-salt ionothermal synthesis. • The strategy repairs surface defects, suppresses carbonization, and extends absorption to ∼700 nm. • The keto–triazine donor–acceptor structure promotes charge transfer and carrier lifetime. • CTF-TpABN achieves 3485 ± 64 μmol g −1 h −1 visible-light H 2 evolution. • CTF-TpABN shows 4- or 27-fold higher H 2 evolution and improved O 2 evolution than CTF-MS or CTF-TfOH. Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are promising photocatalysts for water splitting, but weak visible-light absorption and inefficient charge separation caused by intrinsic structural constraints limit their activity. Herein, a β-ketoenamine-based molecule, TpABN, is incorporated into the CTF-1 backbone via low-temperature ionothermal synthesis employing a ZnCl 2 –NaCl–KCl ternary eutectic salt-catalyzed method. This strategy repairs surface defects, suppresses carbonization, and extends the optical absorption edge to ∼700 nm. The resulting keto–triazine donor–acceptor architecture promotes intramolecular charge transfer and prolongs the excited-state carrier lifetime. Consequently, CTF-TpABN achieves a 4-fold higher photocatalytic H 2 evolution rate(3485 ± 64 μmol/g/h) than CTF-MS (without β-ketoenamine modification) and a 27-fold higher rate than CTF-TfOH (synthesized via TfOH catalysis) under visible light (λ > 400 nm, 3 wt% Pt cocatalyst, 10 vol% TEOA). It also shows improved visible-light O 2 evolution (λ > 400 nm, 2 wt% RuO x cocatalyst, 0.05 M AgNO 3 ). These findings highlight CTF-TpABN as a promising visible-light-driven water-splitting photocatalyst and guide CTF-based photocatalyst design. A β-ketoenamine-based molecule (TpABN) is integrated into CTF-1 via a ternary eutectic salt-catalyzed ionothermal method to enhance visible-light absorption and charge separation. The resulting CTF-TpABN shows suppressed carbonization, extended absorption to ∼700 nm, and 27-fold improved H 2 evolution. This study offers insights into designing efficient photocatalysts for visible-light-driven water splitting. Download: Download high-res image (228KB) Download: Download full-size image
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Yipeng Chen,Suilin Qiu,Bingjie Hu,Mingjie Li,Yong Wang,Chin Ping Tan,Ning Zhang,Fu Liu
Surfactant-free tocotrienols (T3) self-assemble into nanoparticles (179–236 nm). • T3 nanoparticles with BLG or CMS exhibit high encapsulation efficiency (82–99%). • BTNPs and CTNPs showed distinct interfacial assembly mechanisms. • BTNPs demonstrate superior colloidal stability and bioaccessibility. • BTNPs and CTNPs enhance antioxidant activity of T3 via improved dispersibility. Tocotrienols (T3) are bioactive compounds with diverse biological activities, but their lipophilicity and poor bioavailability limit their application in the food field. In this study, surfactant-free self-assembled T3 nanoparticles (STNPs), β-lactoglobulin (BLG)-T3 co-assembled nanoparticles (BTNPs) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMS)-T3 co-assembled nanoparticles (CTNPs) were comparatively evaluated. Both BTNPs and CTNPs could transform oily T3 into a solid-like lyophilized powder with excellent reconstitution properties. BTNPs exhibited higher encapsulation efficiency (EE, 82%–99%) and loading capacity (LC, 9–25 g/100 g), along with smaller particle size (143–198 nm) than STNPs (179–236 nm). Isothermal titration calorimetry revealed that BLG exhibited significantly higher apparent affinity toward T3 compared with CMS. Spectroscopic investigations suggested intermolecular interactions between T3 and carriers. Importantly, BTNPs exhibited enhanced colloidal stability under varying pH, ionic strength, and storage conditions compared with STNPs and CTNPs. The bioaccessibility of T3 was largely enhanced in all nanoparticles systems. Furthermore, compared with STNPs, BTNPs and CTNPs exhibited stronger hydrophilic-radical scavenging capacities and more effectively alleviated H 2 O 2 -induced ROS accumulation in HepG2 cells. These findings highlight the role of carrier-mediated colloidal properties in modulating the stability and antioxidant efficacy of encapsulated T3. Download: Download high-res image (163KB) Download: Download full-size image
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 10
·697
·
IF 5.4
Zhang Hui,Peng Weisen,Yu Manlin,Zou Can,Wen Kunhua,He Miao
The selective detection of different metal-ion pollutants is of great significance for assessing water quality and investigating pollution sources. To address this issue, a composite suspension of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 and β-cyclodextrin (ZIF-8@β-CD) and functionalized a prism-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with the suspension via drop casting has been prepared for the selective detection of Cu²⁺ in water. The interaction between ZIF-8 and Cu²⁺ is mainly related to ion exchange and coordination interaction, while the hydroxyl group on the surface of cavity-structured β-CD confers excellent selective binding ability with Cu²⁺. Based on these combined effects, the maximum resonance wavelength shift of the ZIF-8@β-CD-functionalized SPR sensor was 23.03 nm within a Cu²⁺ concentration range of 0–320 µM, while that was merely 5.12 nm for the sensor modified with ZIF-8 alone. Additionally, the introduction of β-CD produces a synergistic effect with ZIF-8, significantly enhancing the sensor’s selective capture capacity for Cu²⁺ relative to the tested interfering metal ions, including Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cr³⁺, Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, Mn²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺. Consequently, the resonance wavelength shift showed a good linear relationship with Cu²⁺ concentration over the range 0–80 µM, yielding a sensitivity of 0.2 nm/µM and a LOD of 4.35 µM. This study presents a novel, straightforward strategy for functionalizing SPR sensor interfaces to enable high-performance, selective detection of Cu²⁺, with significant value for aquatic ecosystem monitoring and freshwater resource safety. Graphical
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Yu Luo,Nan Li,Li Yang,Jinhao Tian,Ruidian Su,Lei Wang
COF-CN was synthesized for uranium photocatalysis reduction by a facile process. • Cyano group enhanced COF's uranium photocatalytic reduction. • DFT calculations indicated the significant local charge polarization in COF-CN. • COF-CN exhibited an extraction capacity of 11.5 mg/g in 7 days in natural seawater. • COF-CN reduced U(VI) to U(IV), which was re-oxidized to insoluble (UO 2 )O 2 ·2H 2 O. Photocatalytic uranium extraction from seawater represents an attractive strategy for supporting the sustainable development of nuclear energy while addressing environmental concerns. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging photocatalysts for uranium extraction, but further improvements in their synthesis, stability, and photoelectronic properties are required. Herein, a cyano-enhanced COF photocatalyst (COF-CN) was successfully synthesized via β-ketoenamine linkage. The introduction of the cyano group as a strong electron acceptor improves photogenerated charge separation and coordination with uranyl ions, resulting in a 27.7% higher uranium extraction rate than its non-cyano counterpart. Benefiting from its outstanding photocatalysis, high selectivity, and antibacterial properties, COF-CN achieves a uranium extraction capacity of 11.5 mg/g in natural seawater over a one-week assay (12 h visible light/12 h dark cycle) without sacrificial agents, surpassing some currently reported photocatalysts. Moreover, the final photocatalytic product is identified as a highly stable uranium crystalline compound ((UO 2 )O 2 ·2H 2 O), which can be readily recycled without secondary environmental risks. This study presents a strategy that expands the rational design of COF-based photocatalysts, offering new insights for developing the ocean as a sustainable nuclear fuel source. Download: Download high-res image (297KB) Download: Download full-size image
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