Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2018
·
IF 3.12
Fan Bu,Baoyu Gao,Qinyan Yue,Xue Shen,Wenyu Wang
Coagulation–ultrafiltration (C–UF) is widely used for surface water treatment. With the removal of pollutants, the characteristics of organic matter change and affect the final treatment efficiency and the development of membrane fouling . In this study, we built a dynamic C–UF set-up to carry out the treatment of micro-polluted surface water, to investigate the characteristics of dissolved organic matter from different units. The influences of poly aluminum chloride and poly dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) on removal efficiency and membrane fouling were also investigated. Results showed that the dosage of PDMDAAC evidently increased the UV 254 and dissolved organic carbon removal efficiencies, and thereby alleviated membrane fouling in the C–UF process. Most hydrophobic bases (HoB) and hydrophobic neutral fractions could be removed by coagulation. Similarly, UF was good at removing HoB compared to hydrophilic substances (HiS) and hydrophobic acid (HoA) fractions. HiS and HoA fractions with low molecule weight accumulated on the surface of the membrane, causing the increase of transmembrane pressure (TMP). Membrane fouling was mainly caused by a removable cake layer, and mechanical cleaning was an efficient way to decrease the TMP.
研究领域:
环境工程
·
水处理技术
·
膜分离
·
有机地球化学
·
给水处理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2011
·Vol. 102
·期 11
·6469-6472
·
IF 4.365
Feng Guo,Zhen Fang,Xiao-Fei Tian,Yun-Duo Long,Li-Qun Jiang
Catalytic conversion of un-pretreated Jatropha oil with high-acid value (13.8 mg KOH/g) to biodiesel was studied in ionic liquids (ILs) with metal chlorides. Several commercial ILs were used to catalyze the esterification of oleic acid . It was found that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tosylate ([BMIm][CH 3 SO 3 ]; a Brønsted acidic IL) had the highest catalytic activity with 93% esterification rate for oleic acid at 140 °C but only 12% biodiesel yield at 120 °C. When FeCl 3 was added to [BMIm][CH 3 SO 3 ], a maximum biodiesel yield of 99.7% was achieved at 120 °C. Because metal ions in ILs supplied Lewis acidic sites, and more of the sites could be provided by trivalent metallic ions than those of bivalent ones. It was also found that the catalytic activity with bivalent metallic ions increased with atomic radius. Mixture of [BMIm][CH 3 SO 3 ] and FeCl 3 was easily separated from products for reuse to avoid producing pollutants.
研究领域:
能源化学
·
绿色化学
·
催化化学
·
生物燃料
·
有机化学
·
环境友好过程
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2017
·Vol. 36
·期 3
·304-310
·
IF 2.429
Shengting Kuang,Zhifeng Zhang,Yanling Li,Haiqin Wei,Wuping Liao
The extraction and separation of heavy rare earths (REs) using newly synthesized α-aminophosphonic acid extractant 2-ethylhexyl-3-(2-ethylhexylamino)pentan-3-yl phosphonic acid (HEHAPP, H A ) in n-heptane were investigated from chloride medium. The extraction stoichiometries of lanthanum , gadolinium , yttrium and lutetium are determined to be RE A 3 by the slope analysis method. The favorable separation factors of adjacent heavy REs(Ⅲ), i.e. β Y/Ho , β Er/Y , β Tm/Er , β Yb/Tm and β Lu/Yb , are determined to be 1.87, 1.36, 3.21, 3.22 and 1.93, respectively, when extracted from a binary system at proper condition. The loading capacities of H A for Ho, Er, Yb and Lu increase in the order Ho < Er < Yb < Lu with the values being 0.201, 0.205, 0.216 and 0.229 mol/L, respectively. So H A would be a potential extractant for the separation of heavy REs(Ⅲ). Among inorganic acids such as H 2 SO 4 , HNO 3 and HCl, HCl is tested to be the most effective stripping agent.
研究领域:
湿法冶金
·
稀土化学
·
分离科学与技术
·
无机化学
·
萃取化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·670-677
·
IF 1.5
Borong Wu,Yonghuan Ren,Daobin Mu,Cunzhong Zhang,Xiaojiang Liu,Guchang Yang,Feng Wu
A low cost and environment benign salt of sodium chloride (NaCl) was used as an additive in low temperature electrolyte (Lithium hexafluorophosphate(LiPF6) / ethylene carbonate(EC) / propylene carbonate(PC) / ethyl methyl carbonate(EMC) (0.14/0.18/0.68, wt.)) to improve the electrochemical performance of mesocarbon microbeads(MCMB) anode. The initial Li extraction capacity of MCMB electrode was 304.8mAh g -1 in this electrolyte when the content of EC was remarkably reduced for a better conductivity. Whereas, a value of 357.6mAh g -1 was attained in the presence of NaCl additive. The electrochemical performance of MCMB was largely enhanced in the low temperature electrolyte with NaCl. The effect of NaCl additive on the electrode performance was examined by cyclic voltammetry(CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic(XPS).
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
锂离子电池
·
电极材料
·
电解液工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
·
2021
·Vol. 33
·期 10
·4635-4639
·
IF 6.779
Shuai Chen,Chuang Yu,Shaoqing Chen,Linfeng Peng,Cong Liao,Chaochao Wei,Zhongkai Wu,Shijie Cheng,Jia Xie
Solid-state batteries with high energy density and safety are promising next-generation battery systems. However, lithium oxide and lithium sulfide electrolytes suffer low ionic conductivity and poor electrochemical stability, respectively. Lithium halide solid electrolyte shows high conductivity and good compatibility with the pristine high-voltage cathode but limited applications due to the high price of rare metal. Zr-based lithium halides with low cost and high stability possess great potential. Herein, a small amount of In 3+ is introduced in Li 2 ZrCl 6 to synthesize Li 2.25 Zr 0.75 In 0.25 Cl 6 electrolytes with a high room temperature Li-ion conductivity of 1.08 mS/cm. Solid-state batteries using Li 2.25 Zr 0.75 In 0.25 Cl 6 /Li 5.5 PS 4.5 Cl 1.5 bilayer solid electrolytes combined with Li-In anode and pristine LiNi 0.7 Mn 0.2 Co 0.1 O 2 cathode deliver high initial discharge capacities under different cut-off voltages. This work provides an effective strategy for enhancing the conductivity of Li 2 ZrCl 6 electrolytes, promoting their applications in solid-state batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
固体离子学
·
能源存储
·
无机非金属材料
·
电池技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Desalination and Water Treatment
·
2024
·
IF 1
Jingxi Tie,Zhihong Zheng,Xiaomei Zheng,Yaru Hao
The water-soluble protein was extracted from Moringa oleifera seed press cake and tested its performance as a natural coagulant for removing humic acid (HA) from water solution when comparing to polyaluminum chloride (PAC), a commercial coagulant. Influencing factors including pH, coagulant dosage, temperature and suspended solid were investigated in this study. The results indicated that the coagulating efficiencies of HA using the Moringa oleifera seed protein (MOSP) were better than those by PAC under all the experimental conditions at the same dosage. MOSP could increase the zeta potential more efficiently than PAC. The Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed that no new compounds were generated during the coagulation process. Hence, adsorption and charge neutralization could be the main mechanism contributing to the HA removal using MOSP as coagulant. MOSP is an ideal natural coagulant for HA removal.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理技术
·
天然产物应用
·
环境工程
·
胶体化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS
·
2017
·Vol. 359
·期 5
·841-847
·
IF 5.646
Kui Zeng,Lang Chen,Yi Chen,Yongping Liu,Yongbo Zhou,Chak-Tong Au,Shuang-Feng Yin
The atom-economic and one-pot regio- and stereoselective addition of sodium arenesulfinates to either alkynes or alkenes can be achieved with an iron(III) chloride hexahydrate [FeCl 3 ⋅6 H 2 O] catalytic system to afford β-haloalkenyl and β-chloroalkyl sulfones in moderate to good yields.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
合成化学
·
药物化学
·
催化化学
·
分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY
·
2012
·Vol. 50
·期 24
·4995-4999
·
IF 3.919
Zhihai Hao,Hou Chen,Delong Liu,Lijun Fan
Sn(0)-mediated single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) of acrylonitrile (AN) with carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) as initiator and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as ligand in N, N -dimethylformamide (DMF) was studied. The polymerization obeyed first order kinetic. The molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) increased linearly with monomer conversion and PAN exhibited narrow molecular weight distributions. Increasing the content of Sn(0) resulted in an increase in the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution. Effects of ligand and initiator were also investigated. The block copolymer PAN- b -polymethyl methacrylate with molecular weight at 126,130 and polydispersity at 1.36 was successfully obtained. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
聚合反应
·
功能高分子
·
材料化学
·
有机合成
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·Vol. 47
·期 15
·21459-21465
·
IF 4.527
Xianwei Su,Xiaojia Shang,Yusi Che,Shaolong Li,Jianxun Song,Jilin He
Homogenous ZrC x O y powders have been successfully synthesized by in-situ electro-reduction of solid ZrO 2 –C composite precursors in molten CaCl 2 . The effect of applied cell voltage and molar ratio of ZrO 2 to C on preparation of ZrC x O y were investigated. The reduction pathway of the composite electrode was studied based on the analysis of intermediate products using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that ZrO 2 is firstly converted to CaZrO 3 . The resulting CaZrO 3 is then reduced to ZrC x O y . The ZrC x O y formation is dramatically influenced by electrolysis voltage and molar ratio of ZrO 2 to C: a higher cell voltage and lower molar ratio of the ZrO 2 to C are more preferable for the formation of ZrC x O y powder. Homogenous ZrC x O y powders with particle size of ~100 nm are synthesized by ZrO 2 /C starting elemental powders in CaCl 2 molten salt at 1123 K for more than 3 h, when the cell voltage is 3.0 V and the molar ratio of the ZrO 2 to carbon starting materials is 1:1.0.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机非金属材料
·
电化学合成
·
粉末冶金
·
固态化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2014
·
IF 2.822
Fu Liu,Bi-rong Ma,Dong Zhou,Li-Jing Zhu,Yin-Yi Fu,Li-xin Xue
A novel positively charged loose nanofiltration (NF) membrane was fabricated feasibly by UV-induced photografting polymerization of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) on Polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed that a linear chain structure and/or pyrrole like five-membered nitrogen heterocycles structure on the side chain were grafted to form the active barrier layer. NF membrane demonstrated a looser average pore size of 8.6 nm and positive charges surface. Owing to the nanoscale ultrathin nanoscale barrier layer and the combination of Donnan exclusion and steric hindrance , NF membrane exhibited good hydrophilicity , a high pure flux of 60 L/m 2 h (0.5 MPa), a good salt rejection to Mg 2+ (90.8%), Al 3+ (94.0%), Ca 2+ (91.5%), and a high dye rejection to methylene blue (99.4%) and congo red (100.0%) respectively. The salts rejection of NF membrane to different salts followed the order of AlCl 3 > CaCl 2 > MgCl 2 > NaCl > LiCl > MgSO 4 > Na 2 SO 4. NF membrane showed certain fouling resistance to seawater and BSA solution. The grafting polymerization kinetics were comprehensively investigated including irradiation time, monomer concentration and irradiation intensity. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurement were employed to investigate membrane chemistry, morphologies, and hydrophilicity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
膜分离技术
·
高分子化学
·
水处理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Refrigeration
·
2019
·
IF 3.177
Qing Cheng,Wang Pei
As different liquid desiccants show different dehumidification and operation characteristics, the comprehensive performance comparison between two liquid desiccants (LiCl and LiBr aqueous solutions) was conducted in this paper. The electronic conductivity of the LiBr aqueous solution was experimentally investigated and the electronic conductivity model of the LiBr solution was acquired. Compared with the LiCl solution, the LiBr solution has higher electronic conductivity within the concentration range of 20–40% and the temperature range of 20–60 °C, which means the ED regenerator using LiBr solution has lower electric resistance. The increase of the liquid desiccant concentration is beneficial to the moisture removal rate but harmful to the whole system COP and dehumidification efficiency, while the effect of the liquid desiccant temperature is opposite. Within the liquid desiccant temperature range of 20–30 °C, the whole system COP varies among 1 and 2.8 for the LiCl solution with the concentration of 38% at the exit of the ED regenerator, and it is among 2.5 and 5.8 for the LiBr solution with the concentration of 55% after regeneration. Using the LiCl solution can give the system the better dehumidification potential, while using LiBr solution can help the system to acquire the better whole performance and economy.
研究领域:
热能工程
·
暖通空调
·
化学工程
·
能源利用
·
环境控制技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Zecheng Yang,Liluo Shi,Hao Wang,Jianzhen Xiong,Xuena Xu,Limei Sun,Jiangmin Jiang,Quanchao Zhuang,Yaxin Chen,Zhicheng Ju
Carbon nanosheets (CNS) have garnered significant interest as anode materials for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to the excellent potassium storage kinetics and rate performance. Moreover, tuning the thickness of CNS can enhance the potassium storage performance by exposing abundant surface active sites and shortening the K + migration path. Herein, crystallization-induced thickness tuning of carbon nanosheets in polyvinyl pyrrolidone-potassium chloride (PVP-KCl) solution is reported to enhance the fast potassium storage. PVP with varying molecular weights is employed to induce the crystallization behavior of KCl, leading to the formation of KCl grains with controllable sizes. Concurrently, these KCl grains act as hard templates for dispersing the PVP molecules to fabricate carbon nanosheets on the surface during annealing. PVP with high molecular weight is beneficial for hindering ion migration to reduce crystal sizes, which can decrease the thickness of carbon nanosheets. The ultrathin structure exposes abundant potassium storage sites, endowing CNS with high reversible capacity (359.0 mAh/g at 100 mA/g). The reduction in the migration path of K + ions facilitate rapid ion and electron transport kinetics, resulting in rate performance with a capacity of 181.9 mAh/g at 1 A/g. Our work extends the application of the crystallization-induced strategy for controllable designing carbon nanosheets, and puts forward some conceptions on improving the potassium storage performance of carbon anode materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
纳米能源
·
储能技术
·
碳材料
·
电池材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）