ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 7.3
Yun Shu,Shiyuan Liu,Juewen Liu
In this work, a library-immobilization method was used to select DNA aptamers for ractopamine (RAC) and clenbuterol (CLB), two common “lean meat agents”. Two RAC-binding aptamers, RAC-1 and RAC-5, exhibit dissociation constants (Kd) of 6.8 and 2.9 μM, respectively, based on isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Similar values were also obtained using a thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay. A CLB aptamer named CLB-1 exhibited a Kd of 561 nM by the ThT assay and 885 nM by ITC. The RAC-5 aptamer showed a modest response to CLB, whereas CLB-1 exhibited strong specificity to CLB. Comparisons were made with previously published aptamers, and the aptamers reported here were shorter, had well-defined secondary structures, and were validated by rigorous binding assays. Furthermore, the ThT fluorescence responses of RAC-5 and CLB-1 were used to develop a label-free fluorescent sensor array to distinguish RAC and CLB from each other and from other structurally related molecules. These individual sensors had limits of detection of 1.2 μM for RAC and 0.16 μM for CLB. Finally, the label-free aptamer sensor was applied to spiked cat food and pork samples. These results demonstrate the potential of these aptamers for practical applications in food additive monitoring and safety assessment.
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高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2018
·Vol. 185
·期 12
·1-10
·
IF 5.705
Ge Yu,Camarada María Belén,Xu Lanjiao,Qu Mingren,Liang Huan,Zhao Erlong,Li Mingfang,Wen Yangping
A nanocomposite was prepared from graphene-like two-dimensional black phosphorene (BP, an allotrope of phosphorus) and nafion (Nf) treated with isopropanol (IP). A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with this nanocomposite was found to be a viable sensor for voltammetric determination of clenbuterol (CLB). Unlike previously reported pure BP, the BP nanocomposite was stable towards water and oxygen. Its morphology, structure, electrochemically active surface area and electrochemical stability were investigated. The BP-Nf (IP) modified GCE displayed good electrochemical stability and electrocatalytic capacity with a low working potential of 0.94 V (vs. SCE), excellent peak current response for CLB in a linear concentration range of 0.06–24 μM with a detection limit of 3.7 nM (3σ/m) and a sensitivity of 0.14 μA·μM −1 ·cm −2 under optimal conditions. A sensing mechanism for the electro-oxidation of CLB was suggested and verified by density functional theory calculations under imitation of aqueous solution conditions. The sensor was successfully applied to the determination of CLB in bovine meat and bovine serum samples.
Highly-stable black phosphorene (BP) nanocomposite based on Nafion (Nf) was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). It is shonw to be a viable electrochemical platform for sensitive voltammetric determination of trace clenbuterol (CLB) in bovine beef and bovine serum.
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高影响因子
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·
IF 1.5
Liang Bai
Salbutamol, clenbuterol, ractopamine and albuterol have the effect of promoting protein synthesis and increasing muscle mass. Despite that these substances are banned or restricted in animal husbandry in many countries, some farmers still use them illegally to improve profits. Athletes can test positive for stimulants after ingesting food with these drug residues. In this study, the electrochemical behavior of salbutamol, clenbuterol, ractopamine and albuterol were investigated with carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrodes. The linear detection range and detection limit of four stimulants were studied under optimal conditions.
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高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Yanxue Xu,Xilan Gao,Jie Cheng,Hong Chen,Tao Tao,Maoping Liu,Dan Xiao
As the illegal use of clenbuterol (CLB) in animal husbandry introduced various diseases, the accurate and convenient methods for CLB detection is imperative to be developed. Because of the electrochemical activity of CLB, electrochemical strategies have been proved to be capable to achieve its detection. To improve the microenvironment of the electrode surface to enhance the response, the sensing materials with superior performance still need to be developed. In this work, a kind of environmentally friendly porous hard carbon (PHC) derived from the waste of coffee bean has been prepared to be utilized for the conveniently detection of CLB. Characterizations reveal the porous structure and lattice disorderliness of PHC. PHC demonstrates highly active surface, good conductivity and excellent chemical stability during the electrochemical tests. CLB produces obvious anodic peak on PHC modified glassy carbon electrode (PHC/GCE). The KOH/H 2 O 2 activated PHC/GCE (b-PHC/GCE) achieves a prominently enhanced peak current, which is about 2.5-fold of that recorded by PHC/GCE. The linear dynamic obtained by SWV and DPV is 50 nM-7.0 μM, the LODs (3σ/s) are 10.2 nM and 8.8 nM, respectively. CLB in meat samples cannot be found, the recoveries are in the range of 88.8% ~ 98.7% and the RSD is 5.09%. The accuracy of the results can be verified by LC-MS/MS. The PHC demonstrates its advantages of low-cost, environmentally friendly and superior sensing performance. The activation of the sensor is facile and fast, and the obtained b-PHC/GCE is reliable in practical use, which achieves the rapid monitoring of the forbidden of harmful additives.
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高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.304
Huan Jing,Huiying Ouyang,Weifeng Li,Yumei Long
A new strategy was demonstrated for the electrochemical detection of clenbuterol using boron carbon oxynitride (BCNO) nanosheets as a sensing medium. BCNO was prepared via a molten salt process and structurally characterized. The experimental results, including XRD, FTIR, XPS, TEM and AFM, suggested that the as-prepared sample is crystalline BCNO with a nanosheet-like structure. After modification on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), BCNO can significantly improve the electron transport capacity and provide more electrochemically active sites. Interestingly, BCNO-modified GCE (BCNO/GCE) possesses good capability for electrocatalytic oxidation of clenbuterol and thus produces noticeable electrochemical signals. By using the differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) method, the BCNO/GCE exhibited superior analytical performance in the detection of clenbuterol. The sensor has a low detection limit of 17 nM, and its linear concentration ranges are 0.03–2.0 and 2.0–16.0 μM, respectively. In addition, the clenbuterol sensor displayed good anti-interference ability, high reproducibility and adequate stability. Finally, the proposed method was applied to measure clenbuterol in pig serum and drug tablets, and satisfactory recoveries were achieved. The research results suggested that BCNO nanostructures should be promising candidates for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors.
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Food Chemistry-X
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Xin-Jie Song,Fei Ye,Yao Zhang,Juan Sun,Xuping Shentu,Xiaoping Yu,Wei Li,Yuan-Feng Wu
In this study, a fluorescence detection method combining aptamer-modified up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was developed for detection of Clenbuterol (CLB). The aptamer-modified magnetic NPs captured CLB, which reacted with the aptamer-modified UCNPs and generated a sandwich complex. The aptamer-modified UCNPs acted as a fluorescence source. The MNP-CLB-UCNP complex was retrieved from the solution using an magnetic field, and the fluorescence intensity was detected by fluorescence spectrophotometry with excitation and emission spectra at 980 nm and in the 400–800 nm region, respectively. The results showed that the fluorescence intensity gradually increased with increasing concentrations of CLB with a good specify. The method was highly sensitive for the quantification of CLB, with a limit of detection of 0.304 ng mL −1 . The recovery rate of CLB from pork samples ranged from 84 % to 94.87 %. This fluorescence method enables the sensitive, precise, and accurate quantification of CLB residues in pork samples.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2011
·
IF 4.311
Guichi Zhu,Yongjun Hu,Jiao Gao,Liang Zhong
In this report, we present a novel approach to detect clenbuterol based on competitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) immunoassay. Herein, a SERS nanoprobe that relies on gold nanoparticle (GNP) is labeled by 4,4′-dipyridyl (DP) and clenbuterol antibody, respectively. The detection of clenbuterol is carried out by competitive binding between free clenbuterol and clenbuterol-BSA fastened on the substrate with their antibody labeled on SERS nanoprobes. The present method allows us to detect clenbuterol over a much wider concentration range (0.1–100 pg mL −1 ) with a lower limit of detection (ca. 0.1 pg mL −1 ) than the conventional methods. Furthermore, by the use of this new competitive SERS immunoassay, the clenbuterol-BSA (antigen) is chosen to fasten on the substrate instead of the clenbuterol antibody, which could reduce the cost of the assay. Results demonstrate that the proposed method has the wide potential applications in food safety and agonist control.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 4.192
Yingnan Liu,Yaqing Xiao,Min Yu,Yuanyuan Cao,Fan Li,Pei Jia,Du Guo,Xinyu Sun,Li Wang
In view of the potential harm caused by illegal feeding of clenbuterol (CLB) in the livestock industry, herein, a novel ratiometric fluorescent probe based on graphene quantum dots (GQDs)@[Ru(bpy)3]2+ was elaborately constructed for CLB detection. In this probe, GQDs acted as response signals, and their fluorescence was remarkably quenched by CLB through the diazotization-coupling reaction. As for [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as a reference signal, its fluorescence was hardly affected. The intensity ratio of two fluorophores showed good linearity with CLB concentration in the range of 0.05–40 μM, accompanied by visualization of fluorescence variation from yellow to red. The detection limit was as low as 0.029 μM. Particularly, the probe was successfully used to detect CLB in pork and beef samples with satisfactory recoveries. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a ratiometric fluorescent probe for the detection of CLB, which possesses broad application prospects in food safety risk monitoring.
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APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 189
·期 3
·960-971
·
IF 2.14
Wang Mengjun,Zhu Mengde,Wang Yu,Fan Zichun,Wu Shining,Zhang Xiaobo,Tong Zhiwei
In this paper, we synthesized HNbMoO 6 /C composite through the calcination of octylamine-intercalated HNbMoO 6 precursor. The resulting HNbMoO 6 /C composite showed some new phases of MoO 2 , MoO 3 , NbO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , and carbon, which was fully confirmed via powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technologies. Besides, the HNbMoO 6 /C hybrid was coated on glass carbon electrode to construct an electrochemical sensor for sensitive determination of clenbuterol. The electrochemical behaviors of clenbuterol on the prepared electrode were tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis. The results showed that the intercalated carbon can act as active sites to accelerate electron transfer. In addition, more exposed surface areas of the HNbMoO 6 /C composite will facilitate the electrolyte to permeate. The oxidation peak current of clenbuterol was linearly related to its concentration in the range of 1.04 × 10 −5 to 7.51 × 10 −4 mol L −1 , and the determination limit was calculated to be 3.03 × 10 −6 mol L −1 (S/N = 3). This sensor exhibits excellent stability, reproducibility, specificity, and good recoveries when applied to monitor clenbuterol in real samples.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 45
·期 21
·3966-3973
·
IF 3.614
Libin Wan,Haidong Gao,Xiao Liu,Shucai Gao,Li Zhou,Fayun Wang,Mantang Chen
The illegal use of clenbuterol seriously endangers food safety and human health. Accurate monitoring of the illegal use of clenbuterol in livestock can efficiently prevent the clenbuterol residue pork products from entering the consumer market. Thus, in this study, a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for the determination of clenbuterol in swine urine was developed using electromembrane extraction combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. It should be noted that the electromembrane extraction method presented many advantages of simple operation, fast mass transfer rate, good sample clean-up capability, and less organic solvent consumption. The effect of important factors on the extraction efficiency of clenbuterol was investigated. Under the optimal conditions, good linearity was achieved for clenbuterol over the range of 1–1000 ng/ml (linear correlation [ R 2 ] = 0.9996). The recoveries of clenbuterol in swine urine at three spiked levels ranged from 83.7% to 110.0% with relative standard deviation values lower than 9.7% ( n = 4). The limits of detection and quantification for clenbuterol were 0.07 and 0.25 ng/ml, respectively. These results suggested that the proposed method has great potential for the extraction and determination of trace analyte in a complex sample matrix for monitoring illegal use in livestock.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 4.192
Han Zhang,Lulu Wang,Xiaolin Yao,Zonghan Wang,Leina Dou,Lihong Su,Man Zhao,Jing Sun,Daohong Zhang,Jianlong Wang
An innovative lateral flow competition immunoassay (LFCIA) for detecting clenbuterol (CL) was developed by employing the advantages of the coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining method. An antibody stained by CBB was used both as a recognition reagent and as a chromogenic probe, enabling the simple but sensitive LFCIA of CL. The CBB-based LFCIA exhibited sensitivity for CL with a detection limit of 2 ng mL–1. Furthermore, this strategy was preliminarily verified by screening for CL in milk, pork tenderloin, and swine liver with recoveries ranging from 81 to 102%. Compared with conventional LFCIAs, the use of CBB as a signal label not only avoided the complicated material synthesis and surface modification process but also simplified the cross-linking with antibodies, meanwhile reducing the steric hindrance and increasing the possibility of immune recognition reactions, which was propitious for the effective utilization of antibodies. Taking advantages of the simplicity, rapidity, and cost-effectiveness, the CBB-based LFCIA may have potential for on-demand monitoring of general harmful small molecules by changing the kind of the staining antibody.
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高影响因子
ELECTROANALYSIS
·
2018
·Vol. 30
·期 11
·2744-2749
·
IF 2.851
Xin Xiao,YiHui Wang,Wei Tan,HongJie Liu,YangYang Duan,XiaoBo Zhang,DongEn Zhang,YouXiang Jiang,Jie Wang,JunYan Gong,JuanJuan Ma,Tao Yang,ZhiWei Tong
A novel multilayer-shaped CeO 2 with obvious electrocatalytic activity was synthesized using a simple heat treatment method. The structure and morphology of the multilayer-shaped CeO 2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Clenbuterol, a kind of β-agonist drugs, has recently become a serious issue to human body due to the illegal addition in the food additive for livestocks. The drug residue in the human body may cause muscular pain, cardiac palpitation, glaucoma, prostatitis, dizziness and and even death in old people. Therefore, the detection of clenbuterol (CLB) has a important significance. The as-prepared CeO 2 was found to have unique electrocatalytic oxidation activities towards clenbuterol (CLB). The electrochemical sensor was constructed by fixing stable nafion-modified multilayer-shaped CeO 2 film on a glassy carbon electrode. Compared with the CeO 2 -modified electrode and the nafion-modified electrode, the nafion-modified multilayer-shaped CeO 2 electrode showed better electrocatalytic performance for clenbuterol in HClO 4 solution. There was a good linear relationship between the oxidation peak current and the concentration of CLB between 0.39∼2.79 μmol/L, and the detection limit was 0.08 μmol/L (R=0.99). The nafion-modified multilayer-shaped CeO 2 electrode exhibited high stability and reproducibility.
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