Food Bioscience
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Zhiqiang Yi,Weizhong Hu,Huiying Li,Shuxin Zhou,Jing Chengjun,Quang D. Nguyen,Szilárd Kun,Szandra Klátyik,Zhirong Wang,Jianquan Kan,Muying Du
In this study, four Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were evaluated for their fermentation performance and the resulting wine’s quality. The results demonstrated that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SY exhibited the most robust fermentation capacity, with faster initiation and higher efficiency. The SY group exhibited a higher total content of active ingredients (1.04 mg/mL), with Parishin E levels being significantly higher compared to the others. Although the amino acid content of PM group was found to be the highest (63.36 mg/L), while the percentage of bitter amino acid in the SY group was found to be the lowest (39.52%). and the percentage of umami amino acid in the SY group was found to be the highest (28.1%). The DV10 group exhibited the highest levels of pyruvic and malic acid (0.53 g/L and 1.64 g/L, respectively) while the SY group demonstrated the lowest acetic acid content (1.63 g/L). In addition, the SY group had a more complex aroma composition, with higher scores for sensory floral and fruity aromas. Furthermore, Gastrodia elata fermentation wine could reduce the damage of nerve cells in sleep-disordered zebrafish, reduce the distance and time of zebrafish's nocturnal movement, which had effect of improving sleep in zebra fish model, Specific mechanisms of action can be further investigated in the future.
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Life Sciences in Space Research
·
2021
·
IF 2.082
Hong Huang,Ning Jiang,Yi Wen Zhang,Jing Wei Lv,Hai Xia Wang,Cong Lu,Xin Min Liu,Guang Hua Lu
Circadian rhythm disorder (CRD) in space flight can lead to memory impairment, performance decrements and adverse health outcomes, the main manifestations of which are circadian desynchronization, sleep loss and insomnia. Sleep deprivation (SD) provide the means to evaluate these effects and the risks associated with CRD on ground. Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) has beneficial effects on the treatment of sleep disturbances and memory loss. Fresh GEB (FG), an unprocessed raw tuber of GEB, has been used as functional health food in Asian countries for a long time. However, the research report of FG to ameliorate memory impairment caused by insomnia or lack of sleep is meager. In this study, ICR male mice were sleep-deprived continuously and water extract of FG (WFG) was orally administrated (3 and 9 g/kg/d, i.g) during the SD process lasted for 25 days, except control and model groups gavage administration with water, positive control group with modafinil (MOD, 0.1 g/kg/d, i.g). We studied the effect of WFG on CRD-induced learning and memory impairment using a set of behavioral analyses including the object location recognition test (OLRT), novel object recognition test (NORT), and the passive avoidance test (PAT). In addition, oxidative stress parameters were assessed by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) reactivity in serum and hippocampus. Our results revealed that SD decreased discrimination index (DI) in OLRT and NORT, with shorter latency into the dark chamber in PAT. Both WFG and MOD treatment can reverse these changes ( P < 0.05). We concluded that WFG treatment improve CRD-induced learning and memory impairment and oxidative stress damage which makes FG a promising candidate as herbal health product of memory decline in CRD.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2025
·Vol. 2025
·期 1
·3191604
·
IF 4.2
Zhonglian Ma,Liang Ma,Yuhao Zhang
Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) is recognized as a plant with both nutritional and medicinal properties, reported to exhibit neuroprotective and antioxidant effects, which contribute to its widespread use in various fields. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we utilized ultrasound-assisted extraction to isolate water-soluble substances from GE and conducted in vitro antioxidant assays to evaluate the capacity of Gastrodia elata water extract (GWE) to scavenge DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Further investigation into the antioxidant and neuroprotective potential of GWE was conducted through in vivo studies using Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans ). It was observed that GWE at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL enhanced locomotion and antistress capabilities while significantly reducing levels of H 2 O 2 , O 2 − , lipofuscin, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Concurrently, glutathione levels were significantly elevated. GWE supplementation stimulated the activity of serotonergic, dopaminergic, and GABAergic neurons, thereby improving locomotor abilities, including body bends, head thrashing, foraging behavior, and chemotaxis. Notably, significant increases in the relative concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin were also observed. Further research demonstrated that GWE treatment elevated the mRNA levels of genes associated with GABA and serotonin in the treated nematodes, specifically the unc-25 , unc-46 , unc-49 , unc-47 , tph-1 , mod-1 , mod-5 , cat-4 , cat-1 , and exp-1 genes. Additionally, GWE treatment significantly enhanced the expression of the daf-16 , sod-3 , skn-1 , hsf-1 , and hsp-16.2 genes. GWE also promoted the translocation of DAF-16 into the nucleus, upregulated the expression of SOD-3::GFP, and downregulated the expression of gst-4 and GST-4::GFP. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association between the daf-16 , hsp-16.2 , cat-1 , unc-46 , unc-47 , and mod-1 genes and the levels of serotonin, GABA, and locomotor behaviors. This study enhances our understanding of the mechanisms through which GWE exhibits neuroprotective and antioxidant properties, thereby elucidating the health benefits of GE for living organisms.
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Food Frontiers
·
2026
·Vol. 7
·期 4
·e70315
·
IF 6.3
Hui Yan,Cheng-Xi Feng,Zhe Wang,Jun-Qiao Wang,Shao-Ping Nie
Structural characterization of complex carbohydrates remains challenging. This study employed methylation, acid hydrolysis, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) derivatization, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) to determine monosaccharides, glycosidic linkages, and sequence of polysaccharides. Combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the structure of two fractions (GEP-60 and GEP-60S) obtained from Gastrodia elata Blume was characterized. Both fractions contained mainly glucose, and GEP-60 was homogeneous polysaccharide (25.5 kDa), while GEP-60S was mixture of lower molecular weight (DP ≤ 24) fractions. Their primary glycosidic linkage was →4)-α-Glc p -(1→, with respective percentages of 78.41 ± 2.18% and 79.72 ± 1.98%. Sequence analysis identified both contained [→4)Glc(1→] 4 , [→4)Glc(1→] 5 , and [→4)Glc(1→] 6 . NMR confirmed that both polysaccharides possessed main chain composed of →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ and substituted with α-Glcp-(1→ branches. Taken mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy results together, polysaccharides in G. elata Blume were α-1,4-glucan with different molecular weight containing branches substituted at C-6, with occasional substitution also observed at the C-2 and C-3. These findings provided comprehensive structural insights into G. elata Blume polysaccharides and validated feasibility of UPLC–MS/MS as an alternative strategy for analyzing plant polysaccharides.
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BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 2.802
Si-Yue Chen,Chang-An Geng,Yun-Bao Ma,Xiao-Yan Huang,Xiao-Tong Yang,Li-Hua Su,Xiao-Feng He,Tian-Ze Li,Zhen-Tao Deng,Zhen Gao,Xue-Mei Zhang,Ji-Jun Chen
Gastrodia elata is a famous traditional Chinese herb with medicinal and edible application. In this study, nine polybenzyls ( 1 − 9 ), including six new ones ( 2 − 5 , 7 and 9 ), were isolated from the EtOAc extract of G. elata . Five compounds 1 , 3 , 4 , 6 and 8 were found to activate melatonin receptors. Especially, compound 1 showed agonistic effects on MT 1 and MT 2 receptors with EC 50 values of 237 and 244 μM. For better understanding their structure-activity relationships (SARs), ten polybenzyl analogs were further synthesized and assayed for their activities on melatonin receptors. Preliminary SARs study suggested that two para -hydroxy groups were the key pharmacophore for maintaining activity. Molecular docking simulations verified that compound 1 could strongly interact with MT 2 receptor by bonding to Phe 118, Gly 121, His 208, Try 294 and Ala 297 residues.
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RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 29
·23845-23861
·
IF 4.6
Shengting Zhang,Huili Tao,Xiaodan Zheng,Sha Zhao,Yunlin Wei
Carbon dots (CDs) derived from Polygonatum kingianum (Pk-CDs) and Gastrodia elata (Ge-CDs) were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method and characterized using TEM, XPS, and FTIR. Pk-CDs and Ge-CDs exhibited uniform spherical morphologies (6.2 ± 0.3 nm and 6.8 ± 0.4 nm, respectively) and excitation-dependent fluorescence. Antibacterial assays demonstrated potent inhibition against Gram-positive (S. aureus, B. cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa). In vitro antioxidant assays demonstrated that Pk-CDs outperformed Ge-CDs in DPPH radical and superoxide anion scavenging, with IC50 values of 2.994 mg mL−1 and 0.30 mg mL−1, respectively. In vivo studies in a D-galactose-induced oxidative stress model confirmed significant improvements in SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA levels. These findings highlight the multifunctional properties of Pk-CDs and Ge-CDs, and underscore their potential as natural product-derived nanomaterials for biomedical applications, particularly as antibacterial and antioxidant agents.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 6.475
Baiyu Zhang,Mengmeng Liu,Gang Liu,Dan Li,Benhong Zhou
The mechanisms of action of polysaccharides in vivo have been widely elucidated. However, the systematic research of its absorption and transport mechanisms remains unclear. Herein, we extracted a polysaccharide fraction (GEP) from Gastrodia elata by water extraction and alcohol precipitation and aimed to reveal its oral absorption processes through animal models and Caco-2 cells monolayer models. Our research data showed that GEP-Cy5.5 could be absorbed through the small intestine and the main absorption intestinal segment was the ileum (the absorption rate constant [Ka]: (3.64 ± 0.70) × 10 −4 cm/s; the effective apparent permeability [Papp value]: (4.88 ± 1.02) × 10 −5 cm/s). The ligated intestinal loops also revealed that GEP-Cy5.5 could pass through the villi of the small intestine and the mucosal barrier into the submucosa. Furthermore, GEP-Cy5.5 was readily absorbed into the blood through the gastrointestinal tract, then distributed in the liver and the kidney. The Papp value of in vitro transport study was (1.29 ± 0.08) × 10 −6 cm/s, which was a time-dependent process. Notably, GEP-Cy5.5 was transported through the endocytosis process mediated by clathrin and macropinocytosis. The underlying absorptive mechanisms of GEP in vivo and in vitro were clarified, which provided the guidance for clinical medicine administration and could deepen the biological understanding of oral polysaccharides.
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Life Sciences in Space Research
·
2022
·
IF 2.73
Fang Chen,Ning Jiang,Yi Wen Zhang,Meng Zhou Xie,Xin Min Liu
During the long-term orbital flight, exposure to microgravity negatively affects the astronauts' development of cognition, characterized by learning and memory decline. Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) has a significant protective effect on cognitive impairment and has been used in Asia for centuries as a functional product. A previous study demonstrated that GEB could improve memory loss in mice caused by circadian rhythm disorders. However, the effects of GEB on cognitive dysfunction caused by weightless environments have not been investigated. In this study, mice received daily treatment with GEB (0.5, 1 g·kg −1 d −1 , i.g) and Huperzine A(Hup, 0.1 mg·kg −1 d −1 , i.g) orally until the end of the behavioral test (New object recognition test (NORT). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were detected by kits, and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protein kinase B (AKT), phosphorylated Akt (P-AKT), synaptophysin (SYN) and postsynaptic density 95(PSD95) in hippocampus were detected by western blotting . The results show that administration of GEB (0.5, 1 g·kg −1 d −1 , i.g) and Hup (0.1 mg·kg −1 d −1 , i.g) remarkably reverse HLS-induced learning and behavioral memory disorders, which were associated with significant changes in MDA and NO levels. Additionally, the protein expressions of BDNF, P-AKT/AKT, SYN, and PSD95 were significantly increased in the hippocampus. In summary, our findings will improve the reference for developing GEB as a functional product that improves memory decline.
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Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2026
·
IF 4.8
Jie Tao,Tian Xiao,Zhuo Zhang,Jianghao Cheng,Jiaoyang Tan,Zhourong Zhao,Xiaohua Duan
Objective This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of the ethyl acetate extract of Gastrodia elata (EEGE) on vascular dementia (VD) and its underlying mechanisms. Methods A VD rat model was established using the two-vessel occlusion method, while an in vitro cerebral ischemia injury model was constructed by subjecting HT22 cells to oxygen-glucose deprivation. The mechanisms were systematically explored through behavioral tests, ELISA, integrated network analysis, and combined metabolomic and transcriptomic techniques. Key targets were further validated by Western blot. Results EEGE significantly improved cognitive function in VD rats. Integrated multi-omics and network analysis predicted that its effects involved two key targets, TNF and IGF1, and identified Parishin A and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde as prioritized drug metabolites for assessment. Subsequent experiments confirmed that EEGE effectively downregulated serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β by modulating the IGF1-TREM2 signaling axis and the AMPK-SIRT1-FoxO1-NF-κB pathway. Conclusion The improvement of cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia by EEGE is closely associated with its regulation of the IGF1-TREM2 axis and the AMPK-SIRT1-FoxO1-NF-κB pathway, thereby mitigating neuroinflammation. This study provides experimental evidence and a potential mechanistic basis for further exploration of EEGE in VD intervention.
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PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
·
2017
·Vol. 28
·期 4
·351-359
·
IF 2.292
Mingfang Li,Yuan Du,Long Wang,Lilong Jiang,Xiaodong Ma,Ping Zhou,Ping Li,Huijun Li
Introduction Gastrodia elata tuber (GET) has been widely used in China as a famous herbal medicine. However, the quality control markers (QCMs) for GET still need further investigation. Objective To develop a rational strategy based on fingerprint-efficacy relationship modelling to discover the efficacy-related QCMs, using GET as a case study. Methodology The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of 13 batches of GET extracts were established and 10 common peaks were structurally characterised by HPLC coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS). The neuroprotective effects of GET samples were evaluated using the in vitro model of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ 25–35 )-induced PC12 cell death. The fingerprint-efficacy relationship of chemical fingerprints and neuroprotective effects was linked by orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model. Results The chemical combination of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF), parishin B (PB) and parishin C (PC) was discovered and confirmed as QCMs of GET by the OPLS-DA method. The selected QCMs allowed to evaluate the relative quality of GET samples. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that the rational strategy based on fingerprint-efficacy relationship modelling might be generally applicable for the quality control of herbal medicines. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 15
·2704
·
IF 6
Weiqian Wang,Jia Liu,Muhammad Aaqil,Siyu Zhou,Xinyu Wei,Linyu Li,Zengzeng Chen,Jun Sheng,Yang Tian,Cunchao Zhao
Gastrodia elata Bl. (GE), a representative medicine–food homology material, requires appropriate processing prior to food application to meet established medicinal quality standards. However, the effects of different traditional processing methods on its quality attributes remain insufficiently elucidated. In this study, three representative processing methods, steaming, moistening, and bran-frying, were systematically compared to evaluate their impact on the structural, compositional, and flavor characteristics of GE. The results demonstrated that processing markedly altered both the physical structure and chemical composition of GE. Moistening caused minimal disruption to the native tissue architecture and largely preserved the free-water distribution pattern. Notably, gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol contents reached 0.38% and 4.16%, respectively, the highest among all treatments, while the overall flavor profile remained closest to that of fresh GE. In contrast, bran-frying induced pronounced dehydration and structural densification, with volatile compounds and differential metabolites accounting for 72.83% and 41.01%, respectively. This treatment also exhibited elevated levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, and protein. Steaming, by comparison, promoted starch gelatinization and water redistribution, shifting the flavor profile from a delicate herbal note toward enhanced umami, floral, and mildly roasted characteristics. Overall, these findings reveal that processing-induced structural remodeling and changes in water state play critical roles in regulating the quality attributes of GE. By integrating structural characterization, water-state analysis, and multi-omics data, this study provides a systematic understanding of the formation of GE quality attributes under different processing methods, offering a theoretical basis for quality control and process optimization.
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MOLECULES
·
2018
·Vol. 23
·期 2
·270
·
IF 3.098
Chunlan Tang,Bingchu Wu,Jinyi Wu,Zheng Zhang,Bocheng Yu
Gastrodia elataBlume (G. elata), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for treatment of various neuro dysfunctions. However, its quality control is still limited to the determination of gastrodin. In the present study, two novel strategies based on quantitative evaluation of total gastrodin and gastrodigenin with base hydrolysis and total gastrodigenin with base-enzymatic hydrolysis followed by HPLC-FLD were put forward and successfully applied to evaluate the quality of 47 batches ofG. elatafrom eight localities. Meanwhile, a systematic comparison of the novel strategy with the multiple markers and the Pharmacopeia method was performed. The results showed that the parishins category could be completely hydrolyzed to gastrodin by sodium hydroxide solution, and gastrodin could further utterly hydrolyze to gastrodigenin with β-d-glucosidase buffer solution. The contents of total gastrodin and gastrodigenin ranged from 1.311% to 2.034%, and total gastrodigenin from 0.748% to 1.120% at the eight localities. From the comparison, we can conclude that the two novel strategies can comprehensively reveal the characteristics of overall active ingredients inG. elatafor quality control. The present study provides a feasible and credible strategy for the quality control ofG. elata, suggesting a revision of the latest Chinese Pharmacopoeia or European Pharmacopoeia methods for the modernization ofG. elatause.Keywords:total gastrodin;total gastrodigenin;base-enzymatic hydrolysis;HPLC-FLD
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）