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本类血浆丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(SERPIN)可抑制蛋白酶并调控炎症反应。IaIp 可与透明质酸相互作用,调控细胞外基质稳定性。
蛋白生物学功能
间 α 抑制蛋白(IaIp)是人血浆中的一类丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂,包含间 α 胰蛋白酶抑制剂(IαI,225 kDa)与前 α 抑制剂(PaI,125 kDa),二者在血浆中的总浓度约为 50 mg/100 mL。其抑制功能主要由比库宁(bikunin)介导,该保守轻链含有 Kunitz 型结构域,能够中和蛋白酶并调节炎症反应。IaIp 与透明质酸相互作用,在维持细胞外基质稳定性方面发挥关键作用,该过程对组织完整性与组织修复至关重要。急性炎症发生时,IαI 属于负性急性期蛋白,PaI 属于正性急性期蛋白,体现二者在免疫应答过程中发挥动态调控作用。
常见研究用途
在临床研究领域,IaIp 可中和促炎细胞因子、抑制补体激活,抵御组蛋白诱导的细胞毒性与组织损伤,已成为脓毒症、转移类疾病、中风以及补体系统紊乱相关疾病的潜在生物标志物与候选治疗分子。此外,IaIp 特定亚基组分正在开展重症肌无力等自身免疫病的标志物研究。
常见应用方向:免疫系统研究、酶学及抑制活性实验、治疗药物研发、体外诊断(IVD)实验标准品、校准品与质控品。
A family of plasma SERPINs which inhibit proteases to modulate inflammation. IaIp interacts with hyaluronic acid to regulate extracellular matrix stability.
Role of protein in biology
Inter Alpha Inhibitor Proteins (IaIp) are a family of serine protease inhibitors present in human plasma, including Inter Alpha Trypsin Inhibitor (IαI, 225 kDa) and Pre Alpha Inhibitor (PaI, 125 kDa), with a combined concentration of about 50 mg/100 mL. Their inhibitory function is primarily mediated by bikunin, a conserved light chain with Kunitz‑type domains that neutralizes proteases and modulates inflammation. IaIp play a critical role in the regulation of extracellular matrix stability by interacting with hyaluronic acid, which is essential for tissue integrity and repair. During acute inflammation, IαI acts as a negative acute‑phase protein while PaI serves as a positive acute‑phase protein, reflecting their dynamic involvement in immune responses.
Common research uses
Clinically, IaIp have emerged as biomarkers and potential therapies for conditions such as sepsis, metastatic disease, stroke, and complement system disorders due to their ability to neutralize proinflammatory cytokines, inhibit complement activation, and protect against histone‑induced cytotoxicity and tissue damage ². Additionally, specific IaIp components are being investigated as biomarkers for autoimmune diseases like myasthenia gravis.
Common uses include immune system research, enzymatic and inhibition assays, therapeutics research, IVD Assay standards, calibrators and controls.