Device
·
2024
·
IF 0
Yujie Yang,Zhenghui Fan,Bohua He,Zhenglin Jia,Haoyu Zhao,Pan Xiong,Yong Liu,Wei Dang,Jianbo Wang,He Zheng,Xiaojia Zheng,Qianqian Lin
Solution-processed semiconductors have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation X-ray detectors, benefiting from their facile processing and tunable optoelectronic properties. However, the fabrication of thick junctions (>1 μm) is limited by poor stability and insufficient charge transport. To fill this gap, we report a sol-gel method to fabricate thick junctions based on Sb 2-x Bi x S 3 precursors. The charge carrier dynamics of antimony bismuth sulfide films were evaluated by multiple transient and steady-state techniques. It was found that Bi can modulate film morphology and thick film formation, and it also has an impact on boosting the charge transport properties. After optimization, low dark current, ultra-fast response, decent X-ray sensitivity, and high spatial resolution were achieved. The Sb 2-x Bi x S 3 -based thick junctions are stable under large bias voltage, high irradiance, and high temperature even underwater, indicating the potential for X-ray detection and imaging.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
凝聚态物理
·
核医学成像
✓ 已验证
DOI
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2023
·Vol. 34
·期 6
·1-9
·
IF 2.8
Chen Wei,Sun Hui,Jin Yingrong,Yang Hualin,He Yi,Zhu Xinghua
Cs 3 Bi 2 I 6 Br 3 perovskite is one of the bismuth iodide family compounds. Because it contains no toxic lead, and has high stability in air and humidity, endowing a potential application prospects in photoelectric and radiation detectors. Herein, the Cs 3 Bi 2 I 6 Br 3 single crystal (Φ13 × 65 mm 3 ) with a (001) preferred direction was grown by using the melt method with solvent-synthesized polycrystalline particles, and the thin single wafer with a thickness up to 0.95 mm was obtained. The as-grown single crystal possesses high infrared transmittance of up to 70% in the range from 400 to 4000 cm −1 and an optical band gap of about 2.03 eV estimated from the visible absorption curve. A highly intrinsic resistivity 2.3 × 10 10 Ω·cm and a dielectric constant about 10 were obtained from the electrical performance parameter measurements. The X-ray sensitivity of the X-ray detector is 55.62 µC/Gy air /cm 2 (incident dose rate 0.24 mGy/s), as well as the signal-to-noise ratio, is up to 301. These results indicate Cs 3 Bi 2 I 6 Br 3 single crystals are a potential material for X-ray detection.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电检测
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 14
·6664-6672
·
IF 6.7
Wei Qian,Weitao Qiu,Shanshan Yu,Duan Huang,Renbo Lei,Xianzhen Huang,Shuang Xiao,Xinwei Wang,Shihe Yang
The emergence of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites with a high μτ product and a high absorption coefficient has made it possible to adopt an aerosol–liquid–solid technology for direct X-ray detectors. The film quality from the ALS process is often compromised, especially on the film surface, when deposited in ambient conditions with uncontrolled humidity. Herein we develop a solvent engineering strategy in the ALS process to obtain high-quality MAPbI3 thick films. The key is the introduction of a molecular additive to intervene and regulate the perovskite crystallization process so that the negative effect of the ALS ambience is minimized. This strategy allows us to prepare direct X-ray detectors with much reduced dark current, enhanced response speed and improved overall performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
·
医学成像技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Optical Materials
·
2024
·
IF 0
Min Yang,Xi Wang,Nan Li,Jiatian Cheng,Chengzhi Xue,Ziwei Xu,Depeng Chu,Xiaojie Zhang,Yucheng Liu,Zhou Yang,Shengzhong Frank Liu
Due to their exceptional responses to X-ray exposure, lead halide perovskites are recognized as ideal candidates for high-spatial-resolution X-ray detectors. However, an effective method to deposit a large-area, submillimeter-thick, dense perovskite film for X-ray detection has been lacking. In this study, a strategy that combines saturated-solution-induced epitaxial growth with a large-area blade-coating process has been developed to produce large-size, submillimeter-thick CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite films. The successive deposition of a saturated precursor film does not dissolve the underlying perovskite film. Instead, it promotes epitaxial crystal growth by controlling the crystal growth rate over the nucleation rate. The obtained films exhibit a columnar grain structure with fewer pinholes and negligible residual lattice strain. As a result, under an X-ray source with a working voltage of 40 kV, the obtained thick CH3NH3PbBr3 film achieves X-ray sensitivity of up to 1938 μC Gyair–1 cm–2 under −3 V bias, a reduced dark current drift of 1.78 × 10–4 nA s–1 V–1, and a detection limit of 47 nGyair s–1 under a −2 V bias; all the above are among the best performances reported for the CH3NH3PbBr3-based X-ray detectors. Using the point-to-point current scanning method, a clear X-ray image could be obtained. This study presents an effective approach for producing thick, dense, and crack-free perovskite films directly on substrates for future X-ray detection applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核医学成像
✓ 已验证
DOI
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2021
·Vol. 32
·期 9
·2109149
·
IF 18.808
Jinming Wu,Lixiang Wang,Anbo Feng,Shuang Yang,Ning Li,Xiaomei Jiang,Nianqiao Liu,Shengdan Xie,Xinbo Guo,Yanjun Fang,Zhaolai Chen,Deren Yang,Xutang Tao
Self-powered perovskite X-ray detectors have drawn increasing attention due to the merits of low noise, low power consumption as well as high portability and adaptability. However, the active layer thickness is usually compromised by the small carrier diffusion length, which leads to inefficient X-ray attenuation and hence low sensitivity of the detectors. Herein, self-powered and highly sensitive single-crystal perovskite X-ray detectors are achieved by finely controlling the crystal thickness and optimizing their carrier transport properties. Perovskite single crystals with thickness of around 800 µm are grown by a two-step crystal growth process to realize the full attenuation of hard X-ray with the energy of 80 keV. And the incorporation of formamidinium (FA) (FA = CH(NH 2 ) 2 + ) cation into methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI 3 ) (MA = CH 3 NH 3 + ) increases the mobility-lifetime (µτ) product of the single crystals by nearly one order of magnitude, leading to a record X-ray detection sensitivity of 8.7 × 10 4 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 under zero bias. Moreover, the eliminated external bias and reduced trap density weaken the field-driven ion migration effect, and therefore result in a low detection limit of 27.7 nGy s −1 . This work represents an effective way to achieve self-powered perovskite X-ray detectors with both high sensitivity and low detection limit.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2021
·Vol. 31
·期 51
·2107843
·
IF 18.808
Weijun Li,Lulu Liu,Mingrui Tan,Yuhong He,Chunjie Guo,Huimao Zhang,Haotong Wei,Bai Yang
Both semiconductors and scintillators have their own advantages in direct and indirect X-ray detection, respectively. However, they are also limited by their intrinsic properties and detection mechanisms. Here, a low-cost and large-area flat X-ray detector is reported by combining a cesium silver bismuth bromide (Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 ) perovskite semiconductor with a ethylenebis-triphenylphosphonium manganese (II) bromide ((C 38 H 34 P 2 )MnBr 4 ) scintillator through fast tableting processes. Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 and (C 38 H 34 P 2 )MnBr 4 can attenuate the X-ray photons to induce charge carriers that are collected through the continuous Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 grains. (C 38 H 34 P 2 )MnBr 4 blocks the Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 ions migration paths at the grain boundaries to reduce the device dark current/noise and improves the working stability. Most charges generated by (C 38 H 34 P 2 )MnBr 4 are transferred to the adjacent Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 , and recombined charges radiate light through scintillation, which will be further absorbed by the surrounding Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 perovskite, and further induce collectable charges for indirect X-ray detection, avoiding the unwanted light scattering, self-absorption, or afterglow effects of scintillators. The hybrid X-ray detector displays a high sensitivity of 114 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 to 120 keV p hard X-rays with a lowest detectable dose rate of 0.2 μGy air s −1 , showing 75 times lower detection limit compared to (C 38 H 34 P 2 )MnBr 4 scintillator, which provides a new path for X-ray flat-panel design.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
医学影像
·
物理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Science China-Materials
·
2024
·
IF 6.8
Liu Hongjie,Sun Xue,Liu Jiaxin,Li Xiang,Hua Yunqiu,Yue Zhongjie,Song Jian,Wang Xilong,Yang Yujie,Lin Qianqian,Zhai Zhongjun,Tao Xutang,Zhang Guodong
Lead-halide perovskite single crystal (SC) heterojunctions have attracted significant attention for X-ray detection owing to their unique combination of high sensitivity, resolution, stability and low detection limit. However, the toxicity of lead in those perovskite heterojunctions limits their practical applications. Herein, we report the construction of the first all-inorganic lead-free Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 /Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 SC heterojunctions with an area of 20 × 20 mm 2 via a facile liquid-phase epitaxial method through temperature-lowering crystallization. The epitaxial crystallization of the three-dimensional (3D) Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 SC film on a 2D Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 SC substrate requires a large driving force for transitioning from the Volmer–Weber mode to the layer-by-layer growth mode under a rapid cooling rate. The Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 /Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 SC heterojunction detector achieves a high sensitivity of 1390 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 for 100 keV hard X-ray detection at room temperature, which is enhanced to 2075 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 at 75°C, demonstrating impressive high-temperature stability. Moreover, the detector achieves a detection limit of 37.48 nGy air s −1 and excellent stability for 90 days without any encapsulation. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using the epitaxial mechanism of perovskite formation on a high-surface-energy substrate for the controllable construction of a 3D/2D heterojunction that significantly enhances X-ray detection performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·3373
·
IF 3.4
Qi You,Hui Lin,Ruijin Hong,Zhaoxia Han,Dawei Zhang,Yuchong Ding
Cerium-doped gadolinium aluminum gallium garnet (Ce3+:Gd3Al3Ga2O12, Ce3+:GAGG) ceramic is a promising scintillation material. In this study, Ce3+:Gd3Al3Ga2O12scintillation ceramics were prepared by the one-step sintering of commercially available Gd2O3, Al2O3, Ga2O3, and CeO2powders in a flowing oxygen atmosphere at 1600 °C by solid-phase reaction sintering. For all the Ce3+:Gd3Al3Ga2O12ceramic samples doped with different amounts of Ce3+doping, dense ceramics were obtained. The structure, photoluminescence, and scintillation properties of the Ce3+:Gd3Al3Ga2O12ceramics have been investigated. The average grain size of samples sintered at 1600 °C is about 2 μm. The X-ray excitation luminescence peak is around 560 nm, which is consistent with that of Ce3+:Gd3Al3Ga2O12single crystals, matching well with the computed tomography X-ray detector’s response sensitivity. The light yield is higher compared to the standard reference sample—lutetium yttrium orthosilicate single crystal.Keywords:Ce3+:Gd3Al3Ga2O12;one-step sintering;X-ray detector;opto-functional ceramics
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 19
Renyu Yang,Qin Xiong,Minhui Yang,Shisheng Lin
Existing semiconductor X-ray sensors are based on solid materials, and there are few liquid-based works on X-ray detects. Compared with solid semiconductor device, water and liquid constructed devices have the advantage of compatible with huge sets of materials which is hardly incorporated into the traditional solid devices. Herein, this study reports the first-generation water-based X-ray detector, which demonstrates a high sensitivity response to X-rays. This study shows the transient polarization current, steady polarization current and depolarization current that can be repeatedly observed in semiconductor/polar liquid/semiconductor structure under multiple X-ray switching cycles. In the self-driven mode, the dark current of the detector does not exceed 1.8 nA cm −2 , and it has a good linear response to the X-ray dose rate, with a sensitivity of 104.5 µC·Gy −1 ·cm −2 and a short response time of 19 ms. Through utilization of the compatible with different materials, we introducing elements with high atomic number (such as iodine) into polar liquid, the X-rays detector can reach an extremely sensitivity of 224 µC·Gy −1 ·cm −2 , which surpasses those of most self-driven X-ray detectors. The forthcoming research on water-based X-ray detectors will undoubtedly usher in a new era of high-performance X-ray detectors suitable for a wide range of practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
医学成像
·
辐射检测
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xinyu Wang,Hongkun Li,Zhiyu Xue,Yong Xiang,Xiaoran Hu,Zhenlin Li,Haiqing Qin,Aimiao Qin,Hetong Zhang
An ideal direct X-ray detector should convert a low dose of X-ray photons into large quantity of electrical signals, coupled with sustained long-term stability. Nevertheless, a notable conflict arises between X-ray absorption efficiency and carrier transport in thick polycrystalline perovskite films. Moreover, conventional perovskite materials exhibit inherent challenges regarding the stability of their crystal phase and the consistency of the photocurrent. To circumvent these limitations, a polycrystalline perovskite thick film is proposed using orthorhombic CsPbI 3 (δ-CsPbI 3 ) as a highly stable active material. Combined with the liquid epitaxy process, δ-CsPbI 3 prefers one-dimensional growth along the carrier transportation direction, which suppresses the formation of grain boundaries, enabling high carrier mobility while maintaining X-ray absorption for a thick polycrystalline film. Consequently, the polycrystalline δ-CsPbI 3 based detector exhibits a highest sensitivity of 1768.46 μC Gy air -1 cm −2 at an electric field of 432 V mm −1 which is 88.42-fold higher than α-Se based detectors and 190-fold higher than the single crystalline δ-CsPbI 3 based detector, respectively. The sensitivity maintains 91.34 % of its initial state after 7 days exposure in the air. Combing with a thin-film transistor array, the detector achieves 8-bit imaging within a 64 × 64 matrix. This work provides a feasible method for commercialized production of high-performance direct X-ray detectors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
医学影像
·
半导体物理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2023
·Vol. 34
·期 15
·1-11
·
IF 2.8
Tan Jie,Gao Xiuying,Huang Xiaolin,Wangyang Peihua,Sun Hui,Yang Dingyu,Zeng Tixian
A self-powered X-ray detector based on CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 thick film with both electron and hole transport layers has been prepared by a facile and low-cost solution method. The CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 thick film has a compact structure and a thickness of 16.5 μm processed by the doctor-blade method. The structure and thickness of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 thick film are helpful to improve its efficiency of directly converting X-ray photons into electron-hole pairs. The photoelectric characteristics and operation mechanism with ions migration of the detector were systematically investigated. Meanwhile, the influence of the migration ions on the performance of the X-ray detector was studied by controlling the poling time of ions migration. After poling process, the sensitivity of the self-powered detector enhanced from 65 to 127 µC Gy air −1 cm − 2 under an irradiation dose rate of 0.1584 mGy air s − 1 . Noticeably, with the blade-coating Carbon electrode on the surface of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , the device without encapsulating showed good stability after being exposed to ambient air for two months.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
·
2022
·
IF 4.171
Gen Li,Yaqi Wang,Min Tao,Siqi Chen,Bozhi Zhou,Quan Li,Xin Li,Heming Deng,Hao Huang,Haoshuang Gu,Yuebin Li
Developing efficient strategies to fabricate planar photoluminescence scintillators is of great importance to explore X-ray detectors with new platform. Rare-earth (RE) doped Lu 2 O 3 thin films are successfully fabricated by mild aqueous phase electrochemical deposition on ITO/glass substrates with low-temperature post-annealing treatment. The as-prepared Lu 2 O 3 :RE 3+ (RE = Eu, Tb and Tm) thin films exhibit steerable thickness, high transparency in the visible-NIR range, and low transmittance at UV band mainly due to the oxygen-metal (O 2- -RE 3+ ) charge transfer processes and the 4f-4f transitions of the RE 3+ . The Lu 2 O 3 :RE 3+ thin films emit intense red, green and blue (RGB) photoluminescence, which mainly correspond to the 5 D 0 - 7 F 2 transition of Eu 3+ , 5 D 4 - 7 F 5 transition of Tb 3+ and 1 G 4 - 3 H 6 transition of Tm 3+ respectively. Moreover, the transparent Lu 2 O 3 :RE 3+ thin films also exhibit high sensitivity and linearity luminescence to the X-ray stimulation in a dose rate from 30 to 160 mGy s −1 . This rapid and energy-saving synthesis show high efficiency to fabricate rare-earth doped thin-film with a tunable optical performance for optoelectrical application in the fields of solar light concentrators, agricultural light conversion thin films, biosensors , photodetectors and especially the X-ray detectors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
·
医学影像
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）