乙酰胆碱（Ach）是研究最早的神经递质，是许多周围神经如运动神经、植物性神经系统节前纤维和副交感神经节后纤维的兴奋性神经递质。乙酰胆碱与底物液反应，通过显色反应生成棕色化合物，测定其吸光度 OD 值，其颜色深浅与乙酰胆碱浓度成正比。
Acetylcholine (Ach) is one of the first neurotransmitters to be studied. It serves as an excitatory neurotransmitter in many peripheral nerves, including motor nerves, preganglionic fibers of the autonomic nervous system, and postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system. Acetylcholine reacts with the substrate solution to form a brown compound through a colorimetric reaction. The absorbance (OD value) is then measured, and the color intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of acetylcholine.
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