Cell fate is determined not only by signaling cascades composed of receptors, kinases, and transcription factors, but also by two more fundamental regulatory processes. Metabolic enzymes control the direction and rate of nutrient conversion, thereby determining the energy, biosynthetic ...
The GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase 3) pathway is one of the most representative integrative signaling nodes within the cell. It does not belong to the typical linear "ligand-receptor-kinase" cascade, but is better understood as a constitutively poised regulatory hub whose activity is ...