超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）是一类低分子量金属蛋白，存在于植物、动物和微生物的所有需氧细胞中。根据活性位点中的金属离子，SOD 有三种形式，分别是含 Cu²⁺/Zn²⁺、Mn²⁺ 和 Fe2+ 的 SOD。在脊椎动物中，铜 / 锌 - 超氧化物歧化酶（Cu/Zn - SOD）位于细胞质以及线粒体膜间隙，而锰 - 超氧化物歧化酶（Mn - SOD）在原核生物中位于线粒体基质空间。铁 - 超氧化物歧化酶（Fe - SOD）也存在于原核生物和高等植物中。人红细胞超氧化物歧化酶是一种非共价结合的同源二聚体蛋白，具有两个 16.3 kDa 的亚基，每个亚基包含 153 个氨基酸。每个二聚体由两个Cu²⁺原子和两个Zn²⁺原子组成。
应用
人红细胞来源的超氧化物歧化酶已被用于：
1.在涉及铜绿假单胞菌感染的活性氧（ROS）测定研究中，测试其对人中性粒细胞的作用。
2.作为抗氧化剂，在利用光谱学研究中，测试其对大气压等离子体射流（APPJ）诱导的红细胞（RBC）匀浆中活性氧生成的影响。
3.测试其对人皮肤微血管内皮细胞（HMECs-1）中血红蛋白（Hb）诱导的核因子 - κB（NF - κB）和缺氧诱导因子（HIF）活性的减弱作用。
4.作为参考抗氧化蛋白，检测其在膳食类黄酮处理后人肠 Caco - 2 细胞中的表达情况。
5.与过氧化氢酶联合使用，在体外促进细胞分化。
生物化学 / 生理作用
催化超氧阴离子自由基歧化为过氧化氢和分子氧。在细胞抵御氧自由基的毒性作用方面发挥关键作用。与一氧化氮（NO）竞争超氧阴离子（超氧阴离子与 NO 反应形成过氧亚硝酸盐），从而 SOD 促进 NO 的活性。研究还表明，SOD 能抑制培养的大鼠卵巢卵泡、神经细胞系和转基因小鼠中的细胞凋亡。
超氧化物歧化酶 1（SOD1）基因的突变与肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）有关。
本产品由全血制备而成，经美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）要求的检测证实，这些全血对乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、丙型肝炎抗体（抗 - HCV）、乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗 - HBc）无反应，且人免疫缺陷病毒 1 型和 2 型抗体（抗 - HIV 1&2）检测结果为阴性。
阿拉丁（Aladdin）产品均为实验室试剂，不得用于人体给药或任何药物用途。仅用于研究或进一步生产使用。
Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are a group of low molecular weight metalloproteins present in all aerobic cells of plants, animals and micro-organisms. Three forms of SOD exist, based on the metal ions in the active site. These are Cu²⁺/Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ containing SOD. In vertebrate organisms, Cu/Zn-SOD is located in the cytoplasm as well as the mitochondrial intermembrane space, whereas Mn-SOD is located at the mitochondrial matrix space in prokaryotes. Fe-SOD is also found in prokaryotes and higher plants. Human erythrocyte SOD is a non-covalently bound homodimeric protein with two 16.3 kDa subunits containing 153 amino acids. Each dimer consists of two Cu²⁺ atoms and two Zn²⁺ atoms.
Application
Superoxide Dismutase from human erythrocytes has been used:
• to test its effect on human neutrophils in reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement studies involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
• as an antioxidant to test its effect on ROS generation induced by atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) in red blood cell (RBC) homogenates using optical spectroscopy studies
• to test its attenuating effect on hemoglobin (Hb)-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κB) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activity in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs-1)
• as a reference antioxidant protein to examine its expression in human intestinal Caco-2 cells following treatment with dietary flavonoids
• in combination with catalase to promote cell differentiation in vitro
Biochem/physiol Actions
Catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. Plays a critical role in the defense of cells against the toxic effects of oxygen radicals. Competes with nitric oxide (NO) for superoxide anion (which reacts with NO to form peroxynitrite), thereby SOD promotes the activity of NO. SOD has also been shown to suppress apoptosis in cultured rat ovarian follicles, neural cell lines, and transgenic mice.
Mutations in the SOD1 gene are implicated in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Prepared from whole blood shown to be non reactive for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA-required tests.
Aladdin products are laboratory reagents and are not to be administered to humans or used for any drug purpose. For research or further manufacturing use only.
ZJ25F1129643
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