1-Naphthyl Isocyanate: Handling, Derivatization & Safety Protocol
Step-by-step protocol for handling and using 1-Naphthyl Isocyanate (N159793) in urethane and urea derivatization, chiral HPLC analysis, and safe lab practice.
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HPLC
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Guard Column Setup and Use: Step-by-Step HPLC Protocol
Step-by-step protocol for guard column selection, installation, and maintenance in HPLC. Protect your analytical column and ensure reproducible results.
Lipid Standards: Triglyceride Mixtures Protocol & Usage Guide
Step-by-step protocol for using Aladdin triglyceride mixture lipid standards (L478421) in TLC, GC, HPLC, and LC-MS lipidomics workflows.
天然糖苷组成的样品处理影响——组织破坏、内源酶促转化、干燥与提取前处理
天然产物的化学组成在植物采收后仍可能继续变化。切割和粉碎改变组织完整性，水分、温度和pH影响内源酶活性，干燥和加热还会改变酶促反应、组织结构及部分化合物的化学稳定性。进入高效液相色谱（high-performance liquid chromatography，HPLC）或液相色谱-质谱（liquid chromatography-mass ...
Effects of Sample Processing on Natural Glycoside Composition—Tissue Disruption, Endogenous Enzymatic Transformation, Drying, and Pre-Extraction Treatment
The chemical composition of natural products may continue to change after plant materials are harvested. Cutting and pulverization alter tissue integrity; moisture, temperature, and pH affect endogenous enzyme activity; and drying and heating can further alter enzymatic reactions, tissue ...
丙二醛含量检测的原理、方法选择与结果判读
丙二醛（MDA，Malondialdehyde）是脂质过氧化过程中形成的重要小分子醛类产物，常用于评价细胞、组织或体液样本中的氧化应激和膜脂氧化损伤水平。MDA检测的关键不只是获得吸光度或荧光值，而是要结合样本类型、检测方法、反应特异性和结果归一化方式进行解释。 ...
Principles, Method Selection, and Result Interpretation for Malondialdehyde Content Detection
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an important small-molecule aldehyde product formed during lipid peroxidation. It is commonly used to evaluate oxidative stress and membrane lipid oxidative damage in cells, tissues, or body-fluid samples. The key to MDA detection is not only obtaining absorbance or ...
Creatinine Content Detection: Main Methods, Reaction Principles, and Result Control
Creatinine content detection is commonly used for renal function assessment, urinary indicator normalization, and drug nephrotoxicity studies in serum, plasma, urine, and animal experimental samples. The core differences among detection methods lie in reaction principle, signal generation mode, ...
肌酐含量检测的主要方法、反应原理与结果控制
肌酐含量检测常用于血清、血浆、尿液及动物实验样本中的肾功能评价、尿液指标归一化和药物肾毒性研究。不同检测方法的核心差异在于反应原理、信号生成方式、干扰控制能力和样本适配范围。
From Analytical Instrument to Synthetic Platform: A New Strategy for Reconstructing Automated Flow Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis with Standard Analytical HPLC
Peptide synthesis is not a new problem. Since Merrifield established solid-phase peptide synthesis, resin supports, protecting-group strategies, coupling reagents, and heating methods have continued to evolve, with the same fundamental goals: improving chain-extension efficiency, reducing side ...
从分析仪器到合成装置：常规分析型 HPLC 重构自动化流动固相多肽合成的新思路
多肽合成并不是一个新问题。自 Merrifield 建立固相多肽合成以来，树脂载体、保护基策略、偶联试剂和加热方式持续演进，目标始终是提高链延伸效率、减少副反应并更可靠地获得目标序列。
黄酮：结构特征、理化性质与科研及应用要点
黄酮（flavone）是以C6–C3–C6为基本骨架的一类多酚化合物，属于植物次级代谢产物的重要类别，广泛参与植物的抗逆、信号调控与色素形成等生理过程。
Flavones: Structural Features, Physicochemical Properties, and Key Points for Research and Applications
Flavones are a class of polyphenolic compounds built on the C6–C3–C6 scaffold and represent an important group of plant secondary metabolites. They widely participate in plant stress resistance, signaling regulation, and pigment formation. Natural flavones have high research and application ...
Paeonol: Physicochemical Features, Uses, and Key Points for Research Applications
Paeonol (also known as paeonolum; 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone) is a representative phenolic aromatic ketone with the molecular formula C9H10O3, molecular weight ~166.17, and CAS No. 552-41-0.
阿魏酸：结构特征、制备获取与科研应用要点
阿魏酸的化学名称为3-甲氧基-4-羟基肉桂酸，是一类具有代表性的酚酸类天然产物，常见于阿魏、当归、川芎、升麻、酸枣仁等中药材中，亦为这些药材的重要活性成分之一。
Chlorophyll: Structural Features, Physicochemical Properties, and Key Points for Research and Industrial Applications
Chlorophyll is a class of green pigments broadly present in higher plants and other photosynthetic organisms, playing a central role in light harvesting and energy transfer during photosynthesis.
叶绿素：结构特征、理化性质与科研及产业应用要点
叶绿素（chlorophyll）是高等植物及其他能够进行光合作用生物体中普遍存在的一类绿色色素，在光合作用的光能吸收与能量传递过程中发挥核心作用。
Glucose Content Determination: A Systematic Review of Detection Principles, Method Validation, and Research Application Frameworks
D-Glucose is a central substrate for cellular energy metabolism and carbon allocation. Its concentration and temporal dynamics can be used to characterize the functional status of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen metabolism, and related biosynthetic networks.
葡萄糖含量检测：检测原理、方法学验证与科研应用体系化综述
葡萄糖（D-glucose）是细胞能量代谢与碳源分配的核心底物，其浓度与动态变化可用于表征糖酵解、磷酸戊糖途径、糖原代谢及相关生物合成网络的状态。
科研中的血脂四项含量检测：指标体系、检测原理与技术路线及应用综述
血脂四项通常指总胆固醇（Total Cholesterol, TC）、甘油三酯（Triglycerides, TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HDL-C）与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, LDL-C）。
Lipid Panel Testing in Research (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C): Indicator System, Assay Principles, Technical Routes, and Application Overview
A research “lipid panel” commonly refers to total cholesterol (Total Cholesterol, TC), triglycerides (Triglycerides, TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, LDL-C).
Glutathione (GSH) Quantification: Method Systems, Experimental Workflows, and Key Quality-Control Considerations
Glutathione (GSH) is one of the most important low-molecular-weight thiols in cells. It participates in reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification, maintains protein thiols in a reduced state, drives the glutathione peroxidase/reductase cycle, and—together with oxidized glutathione ...
谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量检测：方法体系、实验流程与质量控制要点
谷胱甘肽（glutathione, ...
Paeoniflorin: Structural Features, Physicochemical Properties, and Key Considerations for Analytical Quality Control
Paeoniflorin is a representative monoterpene glycoside enriched in the roots of Paeonia plants and is commonly encountered in medicinal or research materials such as Chishao, Baishao, Mudan, and Zimudan. Its molecular structure contains multiple hydroxyl groups and glycosidic linkages, ...
芍药苷（Paeoniflorin）：结构特征、理化性质与分析质控要点
芍药苷（Paeoniflorin）是芍药属（Paeonia）植物根部中较具代表性的单萜类苷成分，常见于赤芍、白芍、牡丹及紫牡丹等药用或研究原料。其分子结构含多羟基与糖苷键，极性较高，因此常表现为吸湿性无定形粉末；同时其化学稳定性对溶液pH较为敏感，在酸性条件（约pH 2～6）相对稳定，而在碱性条件下更易发生降解或结构转化。面向科研与产业化质量控制，芍药苷通常作为指标成分进行定性定量，高效液相色谱（HPLC）配合紫外检测（常见检测波长230 ...
Structure–Function Relationships of Betaine and Progress in Its Detection and Applications
Betaine , also known as N,N,N-trimethylglycine, is a quaternary ammonium small molecule named after its first isolation from sugar beet. The molecule contains both a quaternary ammonium cationic center and a carboxylate anionic center, giving an overall zwitterionic (inner-salt) structure. This ...
甜菜碱的结构—功能关系及其检测与应用进展
甜菜碱（Betaine）又称N,N,N-三甲基甘氨酸，是一种季铵型小分子，因最早从甜菜中分离而得名。其分子内同时具有季铵阳离子中心与羧酸阴离子中心，整体呈两性内盐结构（zwitterion），由此形成高极性、良好水溶性与显著的溶剂化能力。 ...
Deproteinization Using Perchloric Acid Precipitation Protocol
In biological sample analysis, the presence of proteins often interferes with small molecule detection, and some enzyme activities may affect the analysis results. Perchloric acid (PCA) precipitation has become a widely used method due to its ability to efficiently remove proteins and its ...
利用高氯酸沉淀法去除蛋白质
在生物样本分析中，蛋白质的存在常会干扰小分子检测，且部分酶活性可能影响分析结果。高氯酸（Perchloric Acid, ...
Determination of Additives in Beverages
Beverages, such as common sodas and energy drinks, may contain many polar ingredients that are easily dissolved in the aqueous matrix of the beverage. These ingredients include sweeteners (sugar or sugar substitutes), caffeine, vitamin supplements, amino acids, organic acids, and plant extracts. ...
C2 Strong Anion Exchange Columns
C2 Strong Anion Exchange Columns
C3阴离子交换柱
C3阴离子交换柱
N1 Column
N1 Column
N1 色谱柱
N1 色谱柱
N2 Column
N2 Column
N2 色谱柱
N2 色谱柱
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