苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,PAL)是催化直接脱掉L-苯丙氨酸上的氨而生成反式桂皮酸的酶。该酶多存在于高等植物、酵母、菌类可溶性部分物质,是1961年J.Koukol在大麦中发现的,推测其分子量约为30万,这是一个可把苯丙氨酸用于酚类化合物合成的酶,在组织中的活性可随外界因素而发生显著变化,用光照、病伤害、植物激素处理等会使活性显著增加。在多数情况下在组织中活性增加时,酶发生失活作用,这时组织中具有活性酶的量很快就会减少,据认为这种失活是与类蛋白质物质作用有关。
苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (PAL)提取试剂主要用于裂解植物组织,提取样品中的苯丙氨酸解氨酶。该试剂仅用于科研领域,不适用于临床诊断或其他用途。
自备材料:
1、蒸馏水
2、离心管或试管、匀浆器或研钵、低温离心机
操作步骤 (仅供参考):
1、取植物组织清洗干净,切碎。
2、按植物组织:苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (PAL)提取试剂=2g: 5ml的比例,加入PAL提取试剂,冰浴情况下充分捣碎或研磨。
3、10000g,4℃离心15-20min,留取上清液。
4、-20℃冻存,用于苯丙氨酸解氨酶的检测或其他用途。
计算:
样品粗酶液获得率 (ml/g)=上清液体积 (ml)/样品质量 (g)×100%
注意事项:
1、待测样品中不能含有磷酸酶抑制剂,同时需避免反复冻融。所测样本的值高于标准曲线的上限,应用提取试剂稀释样品后重新测定。
3、试剂开封后请尽快使用,以防影响后续实验效果。
4、为了您的安全和健康,请穿实验服并戴一次性手套操作。
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, PAL) is an enzyme that catalyzes the direct removal of ammonia from L-phenylalanine to form trans-cinnamic acid. This enzyme is mostly found in the soluble fractions of higher plants, yeasts, and fungi. It was first discovered in barley by J. Koukol in 1961, with an estimated molecular weight of approximately 300,000 Da. As a key enzyme that channels L-phenylalanine into the synthesis of phenolic compounds, its activity in tissues can undergo significant changes in response to external factors. Treatments such as light exposure, pathogen infection, wounding, and application of plant hormones can markedly enhance its activity. In most cases, a subsequent inactivation process occurs following the elevation of PAL activity in tissues, leading to a rapid decline in the amount of active enzyme. This inactivation is believed to be associated with the action of protein-like substances.
The Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) Extraction Reagent is primarily designed for lysing plant tissues and extracting PAL from samples. This reagent is intended for research use only and is not suitable for clinical diagnosis or any other purposes.
Materials to Be Prepared by the User
1. Distilled water
2. Centrifuge tubes or test tubes, homogenizer or mortar and pestle, refrigerated centrifuge
Operating Procedures (For Reference Only)
1. Take the plant tissue, rinse it thoroughly, and cut it into small pieces.
2. Add the PAL Extraction Reagent at a ratio of 2 g plant tissue: 5 ml reagent, then fully homogenize or grind the mixture under ice bath conditions.
3. Centrifuge at 10,000×g and 4°C for 15-20 minutes, and collect the supernatant.
4. Store the supernatant at -20°C for subsequent PAL activity assays or other experimental applications.
Calculation
Yield of crude enzyme solution from samples (ml/g)=Volume of supernatant (ml)/Mass of sample (g)×100%
Precautions
1. The sample to be tested must not contain phosphatase inhibitors, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
2. If the measured value of the sample exceeds the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample with the extraction reagent and perform the assay again.
3. Please use the reagent as soon as possible after opening to avoid affecting the results of subsequent experiments.
4. For your safety and health, wear a lab coat and disposable gloves during the operation.