具有醚样气味 。酸性溶液中不稳定。易溶于乙醇和乙醚,溶于(4.8g/100g)。水溶于叔丁基甲基醚:1.5g/100g。半数致死量(小鼠,15分钟)1.6mmol/L。易燃。对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性。 溶剂。色谱中尤其是高压液相色谱中用作脱剂。有机合成。无铅汽油中辛烷传爆剂。
叔丁基甲基醚(甲基叔丁醚,MTBE)是一种汽油添加剂。丙烷氧化细菌菌株对其进行氧化降解已经过测定。其热介导的生物降解的动力学已经在多种反应条件下进行了研究。其生物降解遵循伪一级衰变模型,并且其伪一级速率常数已经过测定。其水中的提取物已通过使用有机聚合化合物Nafion进行研究。MTBE可以通过甲醇和异丁烯之间的酸催化反应合成。一项研究表明,MTBE的加入通过停流法增加了丙烯聚合过程中活性位点的数量。该溶剂符合ACS(美国化学学会)规范,可用于需要严格质量条件的工艺,如分析测试。
应用
叔甲基醚(甲基叔丁醚,MTBE)可用于:
作为混合微生物菌群中的唯一碳和能量来源。
从生物液体中提取脂质用于鸟枪法谱分析。
在超临界条件下,在不存在催化剂的情况下通过菜籽油的酯交换,合成脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)和甘油叔丁醚。
It has an ether-like odor. Unstable in acidic solutions. Easily soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether, soluble in (4.8 g/100 g). Soluble in water with tert-butyl methyl ether: 1.5 g/100 g. Median lethal dose (mice, 15 minutes) 1.6 mmol/L. Flammable. Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. Solvent. Used as a deionizing agent in chromatography, especially high-performance liquid chromatography. Organic synthesis. Octane propellant in unleaded gasoline.
Tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive. Its oxidative degradation by propane-oxidizing bacteria has been determined. The kinetics of its thermally mediated biodegradation have been studied under various reaction conditions. Its biodegradation follows a pseudo-first-order decay model, and its pseudo-first-order rate constant has been determined. Its aqueous extract has been studied using the organic polymer Nafion. MTBE can be synthesized via an acid-catalyzed reaction between methanol and isobutylene. A study showed that the addition of MTBE increased the number of active sites during propylene polymerization via a stop-flow method. This solvent conforms to ACS (American Chemical Society) specifications and can be used in processes requiring stringent quality conditions, such as analytical testing.
Applications
Tertiary methyl ether (methyl tert-butyl ether, MTBE) can be used for:
* As the sole carbon and energy source in mixed microbial communities.
* Extraction of lipids from biofluids for shotgun spectroscopy analysis.
* Synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerol tert-butyl ether via transesterification of rapeseed oil under supercritical conditions in the absence of a catalyst.