Cuproptosis is a form of regulated cell death triggered by abnormal intracellular copper accumulation. Its core mechanism is not lipid peroxidation or a Caspase cascade but the binding of copper to lipoylated proteins in the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle, which induces abnormal protein ...
TCA cycle metabolite detection is used to evaluate mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, substrate entry, anaplerotic reactions, redox status, and metabolic reprogramming. Common targets include citrate, α-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate. Method selection should be ...
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is a key enzyme family involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, NADPH supply, α-ketoglutarate generation, and cellular redox homeostasis. In mammalian cells, the major isoenzymes include IDH1, IDH2, and IDH3. IDH1 and IDH2 are NADP⁺-dependent enzymes and are more ...