核糖核酸酶A (RNase A) 是一种内切核糖核酸酶,在嘧啶核苷酸后裂解单链RNA的磷酸二酯键。它可切割3′磷酸基末端(例如,pG-pG-pC-pA-pG将切割为pG-pG-pCp 和A-pG)。对单链RNA表现出最高活性。RNase A是含有四个二硫键的单链多肽。它与RNase B不同,并非糖蛋白。核糖核酸酶不会水解DNA,因为DNA缺乏形成环状中间体所必需的2′-OH基团。RNase A还可以水解蛋白质样品中的RNA。RNase A可被His12和His119的烷基化抑制并被钾盐和钠盐活化。RNAse在重金属离子存在时受到抑制。此外,RNase也被DNA竞争性抑制。
应用:
RNase A用于去除DNA质粒和基因组DNA制品和蛋白质样品中的RNA,
RNase A还用于RNA序列分析和保护测定,
RNase A已用作计算辅助药物设计的工具,
RNase A为RNA序列分析提供支持,
RNase A水解蛋白质样品中的RNA,
RNase A为DNA纯化提供支持。
生化与生理作用
核糖核酸酶A是一种内切核糖核酸酶,可在嘧啶核苷酸后切割单链RNA。 它在3'磷酸基末端进行攻击。 核糖核酸酶不会水解DNA,因为DNA缺乏形成环状中间体所必需的2′-OH基团。RNA酶还可以水解蛋白质样品中的RNA。 RNase A可被His12和His119的烷基化所抑制并被钾盐和钠盐所活化。
细胞定位:Secreted.
序列相似性:Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
RNase A, Ribonuclease A, is an endoribonuclease that cleaves the phosphodiester bonds of single strand RNA after pyrimidine nucleotides. It attacks at the 3′ phosphate end (For example pG-pG-pC-pA-pG will be cleaved to give pG-pG-pCp and A-pG). The highest activity is exhibited with single stranded RNA. RNase A is a single chain polypeptide containing 4 disulfide bridges. In contrast to RNase B, it is not a glycoprotein. Ribonucleases do not hydrolyze DNA, because the DNA lacks 2′-OH groups essential for the formation of cyclic intermediates. RNase A can also hydrolyze RNA from protein samples. RNase A can be inhibited by alkylation of His12 and His119 and activated by potassium and sodium salts. RNAse is inhibited in the presence of heavy metal ions. RNase is also inhibited competitively by DNA.
Application:
RNase A is used to remove RNA from DNA plasmid and genomic DNA preparations and protein samples.
RNase A is also used in RNA sequence analysis and protection assays.
RNase A has been used as a tool for computer-aided drug design.
RNase A supports the analysis of RNA sequences.
RNase A hydrolyze RNA contained in protein samples.
Purification of DNA is supported by RNase A.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Ribonuclease A is an endoribonuclease that cleaves single stranded RNA after pyrimidine nucleotides. It attacks at the 3′ phosphate end. Ribonucleases do not hydrolyze DNA, because the DNA lacks 2′-OH groups essential for the formation of cyclic intermediates. RNase can also hydrolyze RNA from protein samples. RNase A can be inhibited by alkylation of His12 and His119 and activated by potassium and sodium salts.
Cell localization: Secreted
Sequence similarity: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonucleotide family