用于检测、定量和定位抗原与抗体的技术——ELISA、免疫印迹、免疫组化与流式细胞术。以下是我们知识库中标注该主题的实验方案、常见问题与技术文章。
Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) constitute the core effector layer for establishing the cellular antiviral state. After viral RNA is recognized by pattern recognition receptors such as RIG-I and MDA5, type I/type III interferon production can be induced through MAVS, TBK1, IRF3/IRF7, and ...
干扰素刺激基因（ISG）是细胞抗病毒状态建立的核心执行层。病毒RNA被RIG-I、MDA5等模式识别受体识别后，可经MAVS、TBK1、IRF3/IRF7和NF-κB诱导I型/III型干扰素产生，再通过JAK-STAT通路驱动ISG表达。
The interferon (IFN) pathway is one of the central signaling systems in host antiviral defense, innate immune activation, and immune homeostasis. Its biological essence is not a single ligand triggering a single receptor, but a multilayered network composed of “pathogen sensing - IFN induction - ...
干扰素(interferon, IFN)通路是宿主抗病毒防御、先天免疫激活和免疫稳态调控中最核心的信号系统之一。其本质并不是单一配体触发单一受体，而是由“病原识别—IFN诱导—受体转导—干扰素刺激基因(interferon-stimulated genes, ...
Interleukin-29 (IL-29) is a key member of the type III interferon family and is also commonly referred to as interferon lambda 1 (IFN-λ1). IL-29 carries both an “IL-series” designation and a clear interferon-like functional identity.
白介素29（Interleukin-29，IL-29）是Ⅲ型干扰素（type III interferon）家族的重要成员，亦常以干扰素λ1（interferon lambda 1，IFN-λ1）命名。
Interleukins constitute a key group of cytokines produced by immune cells as well as multiple tissue-resident cell types. Their biological effects depend on the assembly of specific receptor complexes and the magnitude of downstream signal transduction, which in turn shapes immune-cell ...
白介素是一组由免疫细胞及多种组织细胞共同产生的关键细胞因子，其生物学效应依赖特异性受体复合体的组装与信号转导强度，进而通过JAK-STAT及NF-κB等核心通路塑造免疫细胞的分化、扩增、迁移与效应程序，并参与炎症启动与消退、屏障稳态、组织修复、造血调控及肿瘤免疫等过程。由于受体表达谱、微环境刺激与负反馈调控的共同作用，白介素网络呈现显著的情境依赖性与冗余补偿特征，单一因子读数往往同时折射上游刺激来源、受体可用性与并行通路反馈。 ...
常与免疫学实验一起研究的技术。
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