T-cell engagers (TCEs) are immunotherapeutic molecules that simultaneously recognize T cells and specific target cells, thereby inducing directed T-cell cytotoxicity. In cancer research, a classical TCE binds a tumor-cell surface antigen through one arm and T-cell CD3 through the other. This ...
The CEACAM family participates in epithelial homeostasis through cell adhesion, receptor signaling, and immune regulation. CEACAM5 and CEACAM6 are aberrantly overexpressed in multiple solid tumors and provide important targets for tumor biomarkers, antibody-drug conjugates, and cellular ...
HER3 strengthens PI3K/AKT survival signaling by forming heterodimers with receptors such as HER2 and EGFR and contributes to bypass compensation, maintenance of drug resistance, and tumor progression under multiple therapeutic pressures.