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β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-GC, EC3.2.1.21)广泛存在于动物、植物、微生物和培养细胞中,催化β-糖苷键水解,具有多方面生理作用:在纤维素的糖化作用中,β-GC负责进一步水解纤维素二糖和纤维素寡糖生成葡萄糖;β-GC 水解萜烯类香气前驱体,使糖苷键合态变成游离态,从而产生香味;β-GC能够水解植物体内野黑樱苷,释放HCN,从而防止昆虫取食。
本试剂盒检测原理是β-GC分解对-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷生成对-硝基苯酚,后者在400nm有最大吸收峰,通过测定吸光值升高速率来计算β-GC活性。
组分与储存:
*各组分在规格基础上额外提供10%的量用于进行标准曲线制作或预实验。 |
自备仪器与试剂:
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注意事项:
1. 正式检测前,建议选择2-3个预期差异较大的样本进行预实验。
2. 对于组织样本及细胞样本等,可通过测定蛋白浓度来进行样本间结果均一化。推荐使用阿拉丁货号B665595 的BCA蛋白定量试剂盒。
3. 本试剂盒兼容分光光度计检测,请按照分光光度计检测要求按比例调节检测试剂配制量。
4. 建议实验者自行建立标准曲线以提高结果准确度。如未自行建立标准曲线,可参考结果展示部分的典型标准曲线公式进行结果计算。
5. 生化检测试剂普遍具有刺激性、生物毒性等,为了您的安全和健康,请在实验全程做好生物安全防护,穿戴实验服、口罩、手套、头套等安全护具,在通风橱、生物安全柜中进行实验。
6. 本产品仅供科学研究使用,不适用于临床诊断。
实验流程:
1. 试剂准备
1.1 试剂准备
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1.2 标准品配制
使用5μmol/mL标准液,按照下表所示,进一步稀释标准品。每次实验都要做一次标准品检测,制作标曲;稀释后的标准品溶液不稳定,必须在4小时内使用。
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2. 样本制备
注意:推荐使用新鲜样本,如果不立即进行实验,样本可在-80℃保存1个月。
2.1 动植物组织:称取约0.1g组织样本,加入1mL 提取缓冲液,冰浴匀浆,15000g,4℃离心10min,取上清,置冰上待测。
2.2 细胞:收集5×10⁶个细胞,用冷PBS清洗细胞,800g离心2min,弃上清液。加入1mL 提取缓冲液,冰浴超声波破碎细胞5min (功率20%或200W,超声3s,间隔7s,重复30次),15000g,4℃离心10min,取上清,置冰上待测。
2.3 血清(浆):直接测定。若溶液有浑浊则离心后取上清进行测定。
3. 实验步骤
3.1 酶标仪准备:预热30min以上,调节波长到400nm。
3.2 检测体系配制:在1.5m LEP管中按照如下方式操作,标准曲线和空白管只需做1-2次。
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3.3 吸光度检测:充分混匀,室温静置2min后,于400nm处测定吸光值,分别记为A测定、A对照、A标准和A空白。
结果计算:
以下为您提供的推导过程计算公式和简洁计算公式,两者完全相等。
1. 数据处理
计算ΔA测定=A测定-A对照
ΔA标准=A标准-A空白
2. 标准曲线绘制
以标准品浓度为y轴,Δ标准为x轴,绘制标准曲线。将ΔA测定代入方程得到y值(nmol/mL)。
3. β-GC 活性的计算:
3.1 按样本蛋白浓度计算:
单位的定义:每mg组织蛋白每分钟产生1nmol对-硝基苯酚定义为一个酶活性单位。
β-GC (U/mg prot)=(y×V反总)÷(V样×Cpr)÷T=y÷Cpr÷3
3.2 按样本质量计算:
单位的定义:每g组织每分钟产生1nmol对-硝基苯酚定义为一个酶活性单位。
β-GC (U/g)=(y×V反总)÷(W×V样÷V样总)÷T=y÷W÷3
3.3 按细胞密度计算:
单位的定义:每10⁴个细菌每分钟产生1nmol对-硝基苯酚定义为一个酶活性单位。
β-GC (U/10⁴)=(y×V反总)÷(N×V样÷V样总)÷T=y÷N÷3
3.4 按样本体积计算:
单位的定义:每mL液体样本每分钟产生1nmol对-硝基苯酚定义为一个酶活性单位。
β-GC (U/mL)=(y×V反总)÷(V样÷V样总)÷T=y÷3
V反总:反应体系总体积,0.3mL;
V样:加入反应体系中样本体积,0.03mL;
V样总:加入提取缓冲液体积,1mL;
Cpr:样本蛋白质浓度,mg/mL;
W:样本质量,g;
N:细菌数量,以10⁴为单位(例如细菌数量为5×10⁶,N=500);
T:反应时间,30min。
结果展示:
典型标准曲线:

示例:取胎牛血清,按照测定步骤操作,用96孔板进行检测。测得ΔA测定=A测定-A对照=0.313-0.077=0.236,代入标准曲线,计算y=60.79。计算得:β-GC (U/mL)=(y×V反总)÷(V样÷V样总)÷T=y÷3=20.26 U/mL。
常见问题:
检测得到的样本ΔA测定过高或者过低怎么办?
答:如果样本ΔA测定>0.4,需用提取缓冲液 适当稀释或减少提取用样本量,重新进行测定。如果样本的ΔA测定<0.01,可适当提高样本量。
β‑Glucosidase (β‑GC, EC 3.2.1.21) is widely found in animals, plants, microorganisms and cultured cells. It catalyses the hydrolysis of β‑glycosidic bonds and exerts diverse physiological functions. During cellulose saccharification, β‑GC is responsible for further hydrolysing cellobiose and cello‑oligosaccharides to yield glucose. It hydrolyses terpene aroma precursors and converts glycosidically‑bound substances into the free‑state form to generate fragrance. Moreover, β‑GC can break down prunasin inside plant tissues and release hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which deters herbivorous insects from feeding.
The detection principle of this kit is as‑follows: β‑GC decomposes p‑nitrophenyl‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside to produce p‑nitrophenol. The latter possesses an absorption maximum at 400 nm. β‑GC activity is calculated by measuring the rising rate of absorbance.
Contents & Storage:
*An extra 10 % quantity of each component is supplied on top of the specified‑size dosage for standard‑curve preparation or preliminary experiments. |
Self-supplied Instruments and Reagents:
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Precautions:
1. Before official detection, it is recommended to carry out a preliminary experiment using 2‑3 samples with large expected differences.
2. For tissue, cell and other specimens, normalize test results among samples via protein‑concentration determination. The BCA Protein Quantification Kit (Aladdin Cat. No. B665595) is recommended.
3. The kit supports spectrophotometer detection. Adjust the dosage of prepared detection reagents proportionally to meet spectrophotometer‑based testing requirements.
4. Researchers are suggested to establish a self‑made standard curve for higher‑precision data. When a custom‑made standard curve is unavailable, compute results with the typical standard‑curve formula provided in the result‑display section.
5. Most biochemical assay reagents are irritant and biologically hazardous. For your safety and wellbeing, maintain complete biosafety protection in the whole experimental process. Put on a lab coat, respirator, gloves, hair‑net and other protective equipment. Perform experimental operations in a fume hood or biosafety cabinet.
6. This product is for scientific‑research use only and shall not be adopted for clinical diagnosis.
Experimental Procedures:
1. Reagent Preparation
1.1 Reagent Preparation
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1.2 Standard Preparation
Adopt the 5 μmol/mL standard solution to further dilute the standard substance in accordance with the table below. A standard‑curve assay shall be performed for every experiment. The diluted standard solutions are unstable and must be used within 4 hours.
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2. Sample Preparation
Note: Fresh samples are recommended. Samples may be stored at −80 °C for one month if the assay cannot be carried‑out immediately.
2.1 Animal and Plant Tissues
Weigh approximately 0.1 g of tissue sample, add 1 mL of Extraction Buffer, and homogenise on an ice bath. Centrifuge the mixture at 15 000 g and 4 °C for 10 min. Collect the supernatant and keep it on ice prior to measurement.
2.2 Cells
Harvest 5×10⁶ cells. Wash the cells with cold PBS and centrifuge at 800 g for 2 min, then discard the supernatant. Add 1 mL of Extraction Buffer and lyse the cells by ice‑bath ultrasonication for 5 min (power 20 % or 200 W; 3‑second sonication followed by a 7‑second interval, repeated 30‑times). Centrifuge at 15 000 g, 4 °C for 10 min. Collect the supernatant and preserve it on ice for subsequent testing.
2.3 Serum (Plasma)
Perform detection directly. Centrifuge turbid samples and take the supernatant for measurement.
3. Experimental Procedures
3.1 Microplate‑reader Preparation
Warm‑up the instrument for no less than 30 min and set the detection wavelength to 400 nm.
3.2 Preparation of Reaction System
Operate in 1.5‑mL EP tubes as described below. Prepare the standard‑curve tubes and blank tubes in one or two replicates only.
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3.3 Absorbance Measurement: Mix thoroughly, allow the mixture to stand at room temperature for 2 min, and then read the absorbance value at 400 nm. Record the readings as AAssay, AControl, AStandard and ABlank, respectively.
Calculation of Results
Both the derived computational formula and the simplified formula provided below are mathematically equivalent.
1. Data Processing
ΔAAssay=AAssay-AControl
ΔAStandard=AStandard-ABlank
2. Standard‑curve Plotting
Take the standard‑substance concentration as the y‑axis and ΔAStandard as the x‑axis to plot the standard curve. Substitute ΔAAssay into the regression equation to acquire the y‑value (unit: nmol/mL).
3. Calculation of β‑GC Activity
3.1 Calculation based on sample protein concentration
Definition of enzyme‑activity unit: One enzyme‑activity unit corresponds to 1 nmol p‑nitrophenol generated per milligram of tissue protein each minute.
β-GC (U/mg prot)=(y×Vtotal reaction)÷(Vsample×Cpr)÷T=y÷Cpr÷3
3.2 Calculation based on sample weight
Definition of enzyme‑activity unit: One enzyme‑activity unit corresponds to 1 nmol p‑nitrophenol generated per gram of tissue each minute.
β-GC (U/g)=(y×Vtotal reaction)÷(W×Vsample÷Vtotal sample)÷T=y÷W÷3
3.3 Calculation based on cell density
Definition of enzyme‑activity unit: One enzyme‑activity unit corresponds to 1 nmol p‑nitrophenol generated per 10⁴ bacteria each minute.
β-GC (U/mL)=(y×Vtotal reaction)÷(Vsample÷Vtotal sample)÷T=y÷3
3.4 Calculation based on sample volume
Definition of enzyme‑activity unit: One enzyme‑activity unit corresponds to 1 nmol p‑nitrophenol generated per millilitre of liquid sample each minute.
β-GC (U/mL)=(y×Vtotal reaction)÷(Vtotal sample÷Vtotal sample extract)÷T=y÷3
Vtotal reaction: total volume of the reaction system, 0.3 mL;
Vsample: volume of sample added into the reaction system, 0.03 mL;
Vtotal sample: volume of added Extraction Buffer, 1 mL;
Cpr: protein concentration of the sample, mg/mL;
W:sample weight, g;
N: bacterial count in units of 10⁴ (e.g. for a bacterial population of 5×10⁶, N = 500);
T: incubation reaction time, 30 min.
Results Presentation:
Typical Standard Curve:

Example: Take fetal bovine serum and perform the assay following the measurement‑procedure using a 96‑well microplate. The calculated ΔAAssay=AAssay-AControl=0.313-0.077=0.236, y=60.79。
β-GC (U/mL)=(y×Vtotal reaction)÷(Vsample‑loading÷Vtotal sample extract)÷T=y÷3=20.26 U/mL。
Frequently Asked Questions:
What should be done when the measured ΔAAssay of sample is excessively high or low?
Answer: If ΔAAssay >0.4, appropriately dilute the sample with Extraction Buffer or reduce the initial sample amount for extraction, then repeat the measurement. If ΔAAssay<0.01, increase the sample loading quantity appropriately.
| 组分货号 | 组分名称 | 物理外观 | 48T | 96T | 储存 |
| G1521821A | 提取缓冲液 | 液体 | 60 mL | 60 mL×2 | 2-8℃ |
| G1521821B | 试剂一 | 粉末 | 1 vial | 1 vial | -20℃. 避光 |
| G1521821C | 试剂二 | 液体 | 12 mL | 24 mL | 2-8℃ |
| G1521821D | 试剂三 | 液体 | 11 mL | 22 mL | 2-8℃ |
| G1521821E | 标准品 | 液体 | 1 mL | 1 mL | -20℃. 避光 |
注:
① 请在实验前检查各组分的量。
② 各组分在规格基础上额外提供10%的量用于进行标准曲线制作或预实验。
③ 整套试剂盒未拆封可于−20 ℃避光保存,自生产之日起有效期 12 个月。拆封后各组分稳定性不同:为避免反复冻融,组分 G1521821A、G1521821C、G1521821D、G1521821E 可转至 2‑8 ℃存放,有效期仍为 12 个月;组分 G1521821B 需继续冷冻保存。
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| 批号(Lot Number) | 证书类型 | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| 分析证书 | G1521821 |
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